Editing Classic Maya language (section)

=== Pronouns ===
Classic Maya pronouns come in two forms, ''dependent'' and ''independent''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Law |first1=Danny |last2=Stuart |first2=David |year=2017 |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.4324/9781315192345/mayan-languages-judith-aissen-nora-england-roberto-zavala-maldonado |chapter=Classic Mayan: an overview of language in ancient hieroglyphic script |editor1=Judith Aissen |editor2=Nora C. England |editor3=Roberto Zavala Maldonado |title=The Mayan Languages |publisher=Routledge |location=London |pages=128-172 }}</ref><ref name=":2">[https://canvas.harvard.edu/courses/2573/files/285067/download?verifier=PIUVjvVyH4aDStgyhmxAGHz3rG18jF54S0nobQp1&wrap=1 GRAMMAR OF HIEROGLYPHIC MAYA, Brussels, October 29–31 2013]</ref>

Independent pronouns stand alone in an utterance, usually to draw focus to one of the sentence's arguments; historically they were constructed from a demonstrative particle *''haʔ'' plus a dependent pronoun of the Absolutive Series, but many of the attested forms display further unpredictable phonological developments.  Dependent pronouns are affixed to their grammatical head (whether noun, adjective, or verb), and come in two separate sets. [[Ergativity|Ergative]] dependent pronouns--which mark the subject of a transitive verb, the possessor in a possessive construction, or the person of a relational noun (see below)--are prefixed to the root, with two allomorphs depending on whether the following root begins with a consonant (C) or with a vowel (V). [[Absolutive]] pronouns, on the other hand, are suffixed to the root; these mark the object of transitive verbs as well as the subject of both intransitive and stative verbs.

Because most major Classic Maya inscriptions take the form of narratives, first- and second-person pronouns are very rare, to the point that some forms - notably second-person plural pronouns - are not known at all. Such unattested forms are marked below with question marks.

{| class="wikitable" style="border: none; background: none;"
|+ Classic Maya pronouns
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="border: none; background: none;" | 
! colspan="2" | Ergative
! rowspan="2" | Absolutive
! rowspan="2" | Independent
|-
! colspan="1" | before C
! colspan="1" | before V
|-
! rowspan="2" | 1st person
! singular
| ''ni-''
| ''w-''
| ''-een''
| ''hiin'' ~ ''hin''
|-
! plural
| ''ka-''
| (?)
| ''-oʔn''
| (?)
|-
! rowspan="2" | 2nd person
! singular
| ''a-''
| ''aw-''
| ''-at''
| ''haʔat'' ~ ''hat''
|-
! plural
| (?)
| (?)
| (?)
| (?)
|-
! rowspan="2" | 3rd person
! singular
| ''u-''
| ''y-''
| -Ø
| ''haaʔ'' ~ ''haʔ''
|-
! plural
| ''u-''
| ''y-''
| -Ø ~ ''-oob’'' > ''-ob’''
| ''haʔoob’'' ~ ''haʔob’''
|}