Editing Cuneiform (section)

===Elamite cuneiform===
{{main|Elamite cuneiform}}
[[Elamite cuneiform]] was a simplified form of the Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform, used to write the [[Elamite language]] in the area that corresponds to modern Iran between the 3rd millennium and 4th century BC. Elamite cuneiform at times competed with other local scripts, [[Proto-Elamite]] and [[Linear Elamite]]. The earliest known Elamite cuneiform text is a treaty between Akkadians and the Elamites that dates back to 2200&nbsp;BC.<ref name="MK1">{{cite book |last1=Khačikjan |first1=Margaret |title=The Elamite language (1998) |page=1 |url=https://archive.org/details/TheElamiteLanguage1998/page/n9/mode/2up?q=naramsin}}</ref> Some believe it might have been in use since 2500&nbsp;BC.<ref name=daniels>Peter Daniels and William Bright (1996)</ref> The tablets are poorly preserved, so only limited parts can be read, but it is understood that the text is a treaty between the Akkad king [[Naram-Sin of Akkad|Nāramsîn]] and Elamite ruler [[Awan dynasty#Awan king list|Hita]], as indicated by frequent references like "Nāramsîn's friend is my friend, Nāramsîn's enemy is my enemy".<ref name="MK1"/>

The most famous Elamite scriptures and the ones that ultimately led to its decipherment are the ones found in the trilingual [[Behistun inscriptions]], commissioned by the [[Achaemenid]] kings.<ref name=reiner>Reiner, Erica (2005)</ref> The inscriptions, similar to that of the [[Rosetta Stone]]'s, were written in three different writing systems. The first was [[Old Persian]], which was deciphered in 1802 by [[Georg Friedrich Grotefend]]. The second, [[Babylonian language|Babylonian]] cuneiform, was deciphered shortly after the Old Persian text. Because Elamite is unlike its neighboring [[Semitic languages]], the script's decipherment was delayed until the 1840s.<ref name="MK1" />

Elamite cuneiform appears to have used far fewer signs than its Akkadian prototype and initially relied primarily on syllabograms, but logograms became more common in later texts. Many signs soon acquired highly distinctive local shape variants that are often difficult to recognise as related to their Akkadian prototypes.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Козлова |first1=Н. В. |last2=Касьян |first2=А. С. |last3=Коряков |first3=Ю. Б. |date=2010 |title=Клинопись |journal=Языки мира: Древние реликтовые языки Передней Азии |pages=197–222 |language=ru}}</ref>