Editing DOS Protected Mode Interface (section)

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Duncan_1991">{{cite journal |title=Power Programming – An Introduction to the DOS Protected Mode Interface |author-first=Ray |author-last=Duncan |journal=[[PC Magazine]] |publisher=[[Ziff-Davis Publishing Co.]] |issn=0888-8507 |date=1991-02-12 |volume=10 |number=3 |pages=367–371 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YxFTezF9-sMC&pg=PT376 |access-date=2016-05-21 |quote=[…] The creators of the [[Virtual Control Program Interface|VCPI]] were well aware of its limitations and were already hard at work on a second generation specification called ''[[Extended VCPI]]'' ([[XVCPI]]), when [[Microsoft]] barged onto the scene with the beta-test versions of [[Windows 3.0]] and its DPMI. For a few months it appeared that the fledgling [[DOS extender]] market would fragment into two mutually exclusive directions […] Microsoft turned control of the DPMI specification over to an industry committee with open membership, and the backers of the XVCPI effort decided to join forces behind the DPMI. […] Microsoft agreed to delete the portions of the DPMI that crossed into DOS extender territory - specifically, direct support of the DOS and [[ROM BIOS]] interrupts in [[protected mode]]. Consequently, DPMI, Version 0.9, the first public version, released by the DPMI Committee in May 1990, defines only the low-level or building-block functions […] Naturally, the higher level or DOS extender interface of Windows 3.0 still exists, but it has receded into the twilight zone of undocumented functionality. Undocumented, but hardly unusable […]}}</ref>
<ref name="Duncan_1992">{{cite book |author-first1=Ray |author-last1=Duncan |author-first2=Charles |author-last2=Petzold |author-link2=Charles Petzold |author-first3=Andrew |author-last3=Schulman |author-first4=M. Steven |author-last4=Baker |author-first5=Ross P. |author-last5=Nelson |author-first6=Stephen R. |author-last6=Davis |author-first7=Robert |author-last7=Moote |author-link7=Robert Moote |year=1992 |title=Extending DOS: A Programmer's Guide to Protected-Mode DOS |edition=2 |series=2 |publisher=[[Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.]] |isbn=0-201-56798-9 |pages=433–436}}</ref>
<ref name="Schmit_1995">{{cite book |title=Pentium Processor Optimization Tools |author-first=Michael<!--"Mike"--> L. |author-last=Schmit |date=1995 |edition=1 |publisher=[[Academic Press, Inc.]] ([[AP Professional]]) |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA |isbn=0-12-627230-1}}</ref>
<ref name="DPMI-0.04">{{citation |title=DOS Protected Mode Interface Specification, Revision Prerelease 0.04 |edition=Prerelease |author=Microsoft |author-link=Microsoft |date=Fall 1989}}</ref>
<ref name="DOS-API-0.02">{{Cite FTP |title=MS-DOS API EXTENSIONS FOR DPMI HOSTS Version Pre-Release 0.02 |author=Microsoft |author-link=Microsoft |editor-first=Michael |editor-last=Sokolov |edition=Annotated retyped preliminary |date=1990-10-31 |publication-date=1999-04-08 |url=ftp://ftp.freecalypso.org/micro/msdos/above640k/TrueDPMI/dpmiext.txt |server=ftp.freecalypso.org |access-date=2016-05-23}}</ref>
<ref name="DPMI-True">{{Cite FTP |title=DOS PROTECTED MODE INTERFACE (DPMI) – SPECIFICATION Protected Mode API For DOS Extended Applications |author=Microsoft |author-link=Microsoft |editor-first=Michael |editor-last=Sokolov |edition=Annotated incompletely reconstructed |year=1989 |publication-date=1999-04-08 |url=ftp://ftp.freecalypso.org/micro/msdos/above640k/TrueDPMI/dpmitrue.txt |server=ftp.freecalypso.org |access-date=2016-05-23}}</ref>
<ref name="DesignElektronik_1991_PC-Architektur">{{cite book
|title=Vorträge und Begleittexte zum 2. Entwicklerforum der Design & Elektronik zum Thema: PC-Architektur, 17. September 1991, München |trans-title=Presentations and supplemental material for the second developer forum on PC architecture on 17 September 1991, Munich |chapter=Die DPMI-Spezifikation – Eine Einführung |trans-chapter=An introduction to the DPMI specification <!-- Actually, these three authors of the corresponding chapter are also the editors of this book, which contains contributions from many other authors as well. -->|author-first1=Gerold |author-last1=Wurthmann |author-first2=Bernhard |author-last2=Wopperer |author-first3=Johann |author-last3=Wiesböck |publisher=[[Markt & Technik Verlag Aktiengesellschaft]] |location=Munich, Germany |date=1991 |edition=1 |type=book |isbn=<!-- no ISBN --> |issn=<!-- no issn --> |language=de |page=223}} (NB. The forum was organized by the German magazine Design & Elektronik and [[Intel]].)</ref>
<ref name="DPMI_1991_1.0">{{cite book |title=DOS Protected Mode Interface (DPMI) Specification – Version 1.0 – Application Program Interface (API) for Protected Mode DOS Applications |author=The DPMI Committee |publisher=[[Intel]] |id=Intel order code 240977-001 |version=1.0 |date=1991-03-12 |pages=4–5 |url=http://homer.rice.edu/~sandmann/cwsdpmi/dpmispec1.pdf |access-date=2013-05-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531075902/http://homer.rice.edu/~sandmann/cwsdpmi/dpmispec1.pdf |archive-date=2013-05-31 |quote=The initial DPMI prototype was developed by Microsoft for Windows version 3.0, with input from Lotus Corporation and Rational Systems, as part of a general effort to enhance Windows' performance by allowing the Windows kernel to run in extended memory. In parallel, Intel was working with manufacturers of multitasking environments, EMS emulators, and DOS extenders to ensure that an extended VCPI specification could fully utilize the 80386's virtualization and protection features. In February 1990, the parties involved in the above activities agreed to form the DPMI Committee and formulate an industry-wide standard for protected-mode DOS applications. The Committee released the first public DPMI Specification, Version 0.9 in May 1990.}}</ref>
<ref name="NetBIOS_2004">{{cite web |title=FILE: Windows Int 21h and NetBIOS Support for DPMI |work=Knowledge Base |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |date=2004-08-04 |orig-year=1999-12-04 |id=KB65128. Q65128 |url=https://jeffpar.github.io/kbarchive/kb/065/Q65128/<!-- http://support.microsoft.com/kb/65128 --> |access-date=2016-05-21 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220115408/https://jeffpar.github.io/kbarchive/kb/065/Q65128/ |archive-date=2020-02-20}}</ref>
<ref name="Lipe_1992_MSDOSEXT">{{cite web |title=Re: MS-DOS DPMI extensions |author-first=Dave |author-last=Cole |editor-first=Bruce |editor-last=Neiminen |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |via=[[Comes v. Microsoft]] - Plaintiff's exhibit 1306 |id=MSC 00779372/00779373, MX3232616/3232617, Cole Exhibit 10, 2001-06-21 |type=Court document |date=1992-05-04 |pages=123–124 |url=http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/1000/PX01306.pdf |access-date=2018-09-17 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918054241/http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/1000/PX01306.pdf |archive-date=2018-09-18 |quote=[…] [Ralph Lipe:] I think, they're checked into [[Windows/386|Win386]] project. In the root MSDOS.DOC (look at all the .DOC files in the root) […] NO! This is an extremely sensitive matter since it basically tells […] [[Independent software vendor|ISV]]s (AKA [[DR-DOS]] and [[IBM]]) how to run standard mode [[Windows]]. You need to clear it with [[Brad Silverberg|BradSi[lverberg]]] before distributing it. [Greg Lowney:] [[SoftNet]] makes a [[limulator]]. They read in the [[Microsoft C compiler#MSC7|C7]] manual that you can run C7 dos-extended if your limulator supports the MS-DOS extensions to the DPMI specification. So […] they called us to get a spec on exactly what those extensions are. Apparently they are not documented. […] They are not that complicated, mostly just what MS-DOS and BIOS calls we map for the application, and [[Qualitas]] had no trouble reverse engineering them. (The new [[386MAX]] was, in beta, able to run KRNL386 from the command line, but I believe they disabled that feature in their final product to avoid stepping on our feet. 386MAX does, of course, support C7.) […] Ralph, was the spec distributed to the members of the DPMI committee? […] [Dave Cole:] We should absolutely NOT document this. […]}}</ref>
<ref name="Schulman_1994_Undocumented-DOS">{{cite book |author-first1=Andrew |author-last1=Schulman |author-first2=Ralf D. |author-last2=Brown |author-link2=Ralf D. Brown |author-first3=David |author-last3=Maxey |author-first4=Raymond J. |author-last4=Michels |author-first5=Jim |author-last5=Kyle |title=Undocumented DOS: A programmer's guide to reserved MS-DOS functions and data structures - expanded to include MS-DOS 6, Novell DOS and Windows 3.1 |publisher=[[Addison Wesley]] |edition=2 |date=1994 |orig-year=November 1993<!-- first printing --> |isbn=0-201-63287-X |location=Reading, Massachusetts, USA |page=[https://archive.org/details/undocumenteddosp00andr_0/page/194 194] |url=https://archive.org/details/undocumenteddosp00andr_0 |url-access=registration}} (xviii+856+vi pages, 3.5"-floppy) Errata: [https://web.archive.org/web/20190417215556/http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/ralf/pub/books/UndocumentedDOS/errata.ud2][https://web.archive.org/web/20190417212906/https://www.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/programming/Undocumented_DOS/#errata-2nd-edition]</ref>
<ref name="Sokolov_1998_DPMI10">{{cite web |title=lA correction to a previous posting |author-first=Michael |author-last=Sokolov |date=1998-05-06 |work=lynx-dev |url=http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/lynx-dev/1998-05/msg00157.html |access-date=2020-02-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220111838/https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/lynx-dev/1998-05/msg00157.html |archive-date=2020-02-20}}</ref>
<ref name="Schneider_1994">{{cite journal |title=Das Ende von DOS ist nur noch eine Frage der Zeit |language=de |trans-title=The end of DOS is only a question of time |author-first=Stefanie |author-last=Schneider |journal=[[Computerwoche]] |publisher=[[IDG Business Media GmbH]] |location=Munich, Germany |date=1994-06-17 |url=https://www.computerwoche.de/a/das-ende-von-dos-ist-nur-noch-eine-frage-der-zeit,1121952 |access-date=2022-01-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102151737/https://www.computerwoche.de/a/das-ende-von-dos-ist-nur-noch-eine-frage-der-zeit,1121952 |archive-date=2022-01-02}}</ref>
}}