Editing Development communication (section)

=== India ===

Organized development communication in India began with rural radio broadcasts in the 1940s. Broadcasts adopted indigenous languages to reach larger audiences.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

Organized efforts in India started with community development projects in the 1950s. The government, guided by socialist ideals and politicians, started many development programs. Field publicity was employed for person-to-person communication. The radio played an important role in reaching the masses because literacy was low. Educational institutions – especially agricultural universities, through their extension networks – and international organizations under the [[United Nations]] umbrella experimented with development communication.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

[[Non-governmental organizations]] (NGOs) relied on close inter-personal relations among communicators.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}}

Communication from the government was more generic and unidirectional. So-called Public Information Campaigns were government-sponsored public fairs in remote areas that presented entertainment along with information on social and developmental schemes. Villagers engaged in competitions to attract attendees. Public and private organizations sponsored stalls in the main exhibition area. Development agencies and service/goods providers also attended. Some state governments employed this model.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

Community radio was used in rural India. NGOs and educational institutions created local stations to broadcast information, advisories and messages on development. Local participation was encouraged. Community radio provided a platform for villagers to publicize local issues, offering the potential to elicit action from local officials.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}

The widespread adoption of mobile telephony in India created new channels for reaching the masses.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Great Indian Phone Book| last=Doron |first=Assa |publisher=Harvard University Press |date=2 April 2013 }}</ref>