Editing Exercise (section)

=== Neurobiological{{anchor|Brain function}} ===
{{Excerpt|Neurobiological effects of physical exercise}}

==== Depression ====
{{Excerpt|Neurobiological effects of physical exercise|Major depressive disorder|quote=yes}}

Continuous aerobic exercise can induce a transient state of [[euphoria]], colloquially known as a "runner's high" in [[distance running]] or a "rower's high" in [[Rowing (sport)|crew]], through the increased biosynthesis of at least three [[euphoriant]] neurochemicals: [[anandamide]] (an [[endocannabinoid]]),<ref name="endocannabinoids">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tantimonaco M, Ceci R, Sabatini S, Catani MV, Rossi A, Gasperi V, Maccarrone M | title = Physical activity and the endocannabinoid system: an overview | journal = Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences | volume = 71 | issue = 14 | pages = 2681–2698 | date = July 2014 | pmid = 24526057 | doi = 10.1007/s00018-014-1575-6 | s2cid = 14531019 | pmc = 11113821 }}</ref> [[β-endorphin]] (an [[endogenous opioid]]),<ref name="Endorphin">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dinas PC, Koutedakis Y, Flouris AD | title = Effects of exercise and physical activity on depression | journal = Irish Journal of Medical Science | volume = 180 | issue = 2 | pages = 319–325 | date = June 2011 | pmid = 21076975 | doi = 10.1007/s11845-010-0633-9 | s2cid = 40951545 }}</ref> and [[phenethylamine]] (a [[trace amine]] and [[amphetamine]] analog).<ref name="PEA exercise primary">{{cite journal | vauthors = Szabo A, Billett E, Turner J | title = Phenylethylamine, a possible link to the antidepressant effects of exercise? | journal = British Journal of Sports Medicine | volume = 35 | issue = 5 | pages = 342–343 | date = October 2001 | pmid = 11579070 | pmc = 1724404 | doi = 10.1136/bjsm.35.5.342 }}</ref><ref name="Renaissance">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lindemann L, Hoener MC | title = A renaissance in trace amines inspired by a novel GPCR family | journal = Trends in Pharmacological Sciences | volume = 26 | issue = 5 | pages = 274–281 | date = May 2005 | pmid = 15860375 | doi = 10.1016/j.tips.2005.03.007 }}</ref><ref name="Neuropsychiatric">{{cite journal | vauthors = Berry MD | title = The potential of trace amines and their receptors for treating neurological and psychiatric diseases | journal = Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | pages = 3–19 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 18473983 | doi = 10.2174/157488707779318107 | s2cid = 7127324 }}</ref>

==== Concussion ====
Supervised aerobic exercise without a risk of re-injury (falling, getting hit on the head) is prescribed as treatment for acute concussion.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=De Luigi |first1=Arthur J. |last2=Bell |first2=Kathleen R. |last3=Bramhall |first3=Joe P. |last4=Choe |first4=Meeryo |last5=Dec |first5=Katherine |last6=Finnoff |first6=Jonathan T. |last7=Halstead |first7=Mark |last8=Herring |first8=Stanley A. |last9=Matuszak |first9=Jason |last10=Raksin |first10=P. B. |last11=Swanson |first11=Jennifer |last12=Millett |first12=Carolyn |date=2023 |title=Consensus statement: An evidence-based review of exercise, rehabilitation, rest, and return to activity protocols for the treatment of concussion and mild traumatic brain injury |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37794736 |journal=PM&R |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=1605–1642 |doi=10.1002/pmrj.13070 |issn=1934-1563 |pmid=37794736}}</ref> Some exercise interventions may also prevent sport-related concussion.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ivanic |first1=Branimir |last2=Cronström |first2=Anna |last3=Johansson |first3=Kajsa |last4=Ageberg |first4=Eva |date=2024-09-06 |title=Efficacy of exercise interventions on prevention of sport-related concussion and related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=British Journal of Sports Medicine |volume=58 |issue=23 |pages=bjsports–2024–108260 |doi=10.1136/bjsports-2024-108260 |issn=1473-0480 |pmid=39242177|pmc=11672061 }}</ref>