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Fort Ancient
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===Late phase ''(approx. 1450–1750 CE)''=== The late phase of Fort Ancient culture was its zenith. Only one known Fort Ancient tribe has been verified by name in the historical record—the [[Mosopelea]], presumably of southeast Ohio. There is also a chance that a Siouan people called the [[Keyauwee Indians|Keyauwee]], who appear alongside the [[Tutelo]] (an Eastern Siouan tribe from West Virginia) in North Carolina around 1700 could also have been of Fort Ancient stock. During the time of the French explorers, a [[Ho-Chunk|Ho-chunk]] native named Tonti told them that these people had been known as the ''Chonque''.<ref>Collins, Scott Preston "Saponi History"</ref> Mosopelea language is marked as being the only known Siouan tongue to use the "f" sound, which is far more common among the Muskogean languages of the Mississippians.<ref name="ReferenceB"/> Despite no historical accounts of contact existing, there has been a remarkable amount of European-made goods excavated from Fort Ancient sites—including brass and steel items, as well as glassware. Fort Ancients even melted down old or broken goods and re-forged them into new items. No single gun part has yet been discovered in conjunction with a Fort Ancient site. The Fort Ancients were heavily affected by European disease, as well as the [[Beaver Wars]] period. Carbon dating seems to indicate that disease affected the Fort Ancients in waves. The most recent of all surviving sites date from [[Northern Kentucky]] alone—those from 1680 onwards. Although French explorers are known to have arrived during that time, they appear to have left no authentic accounts of contact. However, the French did note that most of both sides of the Ohio River Valley were covered in similarly styled villages in various states of destruction or abandonment.<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>Hale, Horatio "Tutelo Tribe & Language" 1883</ref>
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