Editing Graphing calculator (section)

== Graphing calculators in education ==
{{Update|section|date=September 2018}}
[[File:HP Prime Graphing Calculator.jpg|thumb|upright|[[HP Prime]], a modern graphing calculator capable of doing Symbolic Manipulation, Computer Algebra System (CAS)]]
* '''North America''' – high school mathematics teachers allow and even encourage their students to use graphing calculators in class. In some cases (especially in [[calculus]] courses) they are ''required''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=A. Banks |first1=Sarah |title=A Historical Analysis Of Attitudes Towards The Use Of Calculators In Junior High And High Schools In The United States Since 1975 |date=28 June 2011 |pages=107 |url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED525547.pdf |publisher=Cedarville University}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Living in a Mathematical World: The Case for Calculators in the Mathematics Classroom |url=https://elective.collegeboard.org/calculators-classroom-archive-college-board-review |publisher=College Board |date=16 May 2023 |quote=Years ago, we barred calculator use from some classes and from parts of some tests. We no longer do so.}}</ref>
* '''[[College Board]] of the United States''' – permits the use of most graphing or [[Computer algebra system|CAS]] calculators that do not have a [[QWERTY]]-style keyboard for parts of its [[Advanced Placement|AP]] and [[SAT]] exams,<ref>{{Cite web |title=AP Exams Calculator Policy – AP Students {{!}} College Board |url=https://apstudents.collegeboard.org/exam-policies-guidelines/calculator-policies |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=apstudents.collegeboard.org}}</ref> but the [[ACT (test)|ACT]] exam and [[International Baccalaureate|IB]] schools do not permit the use of calculators with computer algebra systems.<ref>{{cite web |title=AP Exams Calculator Policy |url=https://apstudents.collegeboard.org/exam-policies-guidelines/calculator-policies |publisher=College Board}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ACT Calculator Policy |url=https://www.act.org/content/act/en/products-and-services/the-act/test-day/calculator-policy.html |publisher=ACT Education Corp.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Use of calculators in examinations 2019 – version 1.0 |url=https://www.ibo.org/contentassets/e3e2d5a7b79e48f7a47f8973e7873a10/use-of-calculators-in-examinations-2019_en.pdf |publisher=International Baccalaureate}}</ref>
* '''United Kingdom''' – a graphing calculator is allowed for [[A-level]] maths courses, however they are not required and the exams are designed to be broadly 'calculator neutral'. Similarly, at [[GCSE]], all current courses include one paper where no calculator of any kind can be used, but students are permitted to use graphical calculators for other papers. The use of graphical calculators at [[GCSE]] is not widespread with cost being a likely factor. The use of [[Computer algebra system|CAS]] is not allowed for either [[A-level]] or [[GCSE]]. Similarly, calculators with QWERTY keyboard layout are also not allowed as well.<ref>{{cite web |title=General, Vocational and Diploma Qualifications Instructions for conducting examinations 1 September 2010 to 31 August 2011 |url=http://jcq.org.uk/attachments/published/898/17.%20ICE%2010-11.pdf |access-date=2011-04-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812224928/http://www.jcq.org.uk/attachments/published/898/17.%20ICE%2010-11.pdf |archive-date=12 August 2011}} General, Vocational and Diploma Qualifications Instructions for conducting examinations.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Regulations regarding the use of calculators |url=https://www.britishcouncil.jo/sites/default/files/use_of_calculators_0.pdf |publisher=British Council}}</ref> The Scottish SQA allows the use of graphic calculators in maths exams (excluding paper 1, which is exclusively non-calculator), however these should either be checked before exams by invigilators or handed out by the exam centre, as certain functions / information is not allowed to be stored on a calculator in the exam.<ref>{{cite web |title=Exam Handbook |url=https://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/pdf?full=yes |publisher=SQA}}</ref>
* '''Finland and Slovenia''' – and certain other countries, it is forbidden to use calculators with symbolic calculation ([[Computer algebra system|CAS]]) or 3D graphics features in the [[matriculation|matriculation exam]]. This changed in the case of Finland, however, as symbolic calculators were allowed from spring 2012 onwards.
* '''Norway''' – calculators with [[Wireless|wireless communication]] capabilities, such as [[Infrared|IR]] links, have been banned at some technical universities.
* '''Australia''' – policies vary from state to state.
** '''Victoria''' – the [[Victorian Certificate of Education|VCE]] specifies approved calculators as applicable for its mathematics exams. For [[Further Mathematics]] an approved graphics calculator (for example [[TI-83 series|TI-83]]/[[TI-84 Plus series|84]], [[Casio 9860 series|Casio 9860]], [[HP 39/40 series|HP-39G]]) or CAS (for example [[TI-89 series|TI-89]], [[Casio ClassPad 300|the ClassPad series]], [[HP 39/40 series#HP 40G|HP-40G]]) can be used. Mathematical Methods (CAS) has a technology free examination consisting of short answer and some extended answer questions. It then also has a technology-active examination consisting of extended response and multiple choice questions: a CAS is the assumed technology for Mathematical Methods (CAS). Specialist Mathematics has a technology free examination and a technology-active examination where either an approved graphics calculator or CAS may be used. Calculator memories are not required to be cleared. In subjects like Physics and Chemistry, students are only allowed a standard scientific calculator.
** '''Western Australia''' – all [[tertiary entrance examination]]s in Mathematics involve a calculator section which assume the student has a graphics calculator; CAS enabled calculators are also permitted. In subjects such as Physics, Chemistry and Accounting only non-programmable calculators are permitted.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=Calculator use in the 2011 WACE examinations |url=http://www.curriculum.wa.edu.au/internet/_Documents/Policy/Calculators_use_in_the_WACE_examinations_2010_pdf.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320074615/http://www.curriculum.wa.edu.au/internet/_Documents/Policy/Calculators_use_in_the_WACE_examinations_2010_pdf.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-20 |publisher=[[Curriculum Council of Western Australia|Government of Western Australia Curriculum Council]] and [[Western Australian Certificate of Education|WACE]]}}</ref>{{Update inline|date=March 2022|reason=Cited document is more than 10 years old, and examination requirements may have since been updated}}
** '''New South Wales''' – graphics calculators are allowed for the General Mathematics [[Higher School Certificate (New South Wales)|Higher School Certificate]] exam, but disallowed in the higher level Mathematics courses.
* '''China''' - Only the Shanghai College Entrance Examination allows the use of calculators without graphing and memory. Except for Shanghai, the other provinces and cities do not allow the use of calculators, so calculators in general are banned in primary and secondary education in most parts of China.<ref>{{cite web |title=Similarities and Differences in Teens' Education Between the West and China |url=https://www.echineselearning.com/blog/comparing-teens-education-between-the-west-and-china|date=12 April 2022}}</ref>
* '''India''' - Calculators are prohibited in primary and secondary education. (ICSE allows the Casio fx-82MS, or equivalent scientific calculator in 12th boards). University degree and diploma courses have their own rules on use of permitted models of calculators in exams. Casio's '''fx-991MS, fx-991ES, fx-100MS, and fx-350MS''' scientific calculators are used in many university degree and diploma courses. These calculators are also permitted for university exams as they are non-programmable since programmable calculators are not allowed for university exams. During the online GATE examinations and other competitive examinations, candidates are provided with a virtual scientific calculator as physical calculators of any type are not permitted.
* '''New Zealand''' – Calculators identified as having high-level algebraic manipulation capability are prohibited in [[National Certificate of Educational Achievement|NCEA]] examinations unless specifically allowed by a standard or subject prescription. This includes calculators such as the [[TI-89]] series [https://web.archive.org/web/20070920211508/http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/ncea/acrp/secondary/4/47.html].
* '''Turkey''' – any type of calculator whatsoever is prohibited in all primary and high schools. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Turkish School vs. American School |url=https://www.fivestarjournal.com/news/xq0y4ekyttmbpt9r2sdajw0h4xb6fn |access-date=2024-11-11 |website=Five Star Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>
* '''Singapore''' – graphing calculators are used in junior colleges; it is required in the Mathematics paper of the GCE 'A' Levels, and most schools use the [[TI-84 Plus]] or [[TI-84 Plus Silver Edition]].
* '''Netherlands''' – high school students are obliged to use graphing calculators during tests and exams in their final three years. Most students use the [[TI-83 Plus]] or [[TI-84 Plus]], but other graphing calculators are allowed, including the [[Casio 9860 series|Casio fx-9860G]] and [[HP-39G]]. Graphing calculators are almost always allowed to be used during tests instead of normal calculators, which sometimes results in cheat sheets being made on forehand and exchanged before the test starts using link cables.
* '''Israel''' –  Graphing calculators are forbidden to use in the [[Bagrut]] (equivalent to the British A-Levels) math exam, in addition to programmable calculators.<ref>http://meyda.education.gov.il/sheeloney_bagrut/2012/1/HEB/35807.PDF The instructions for conducting the 5-point exam Bagrut in math, 2012 in Hebrew.</ref> University degree and diploma courses have their own rules on use and permitted models of calculators in exams.