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Hadza language
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===Orthography=== A practical orthography has been devised by Miller and Anyawire.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Miller|Anyawire|Bala|Sands|2013}}</ref> As of 2015, this orthography is not being used by any Hadza speakers and is therefore of limited value for communication in Hadza. It is broadly similar to the orthographies of neighboring languages such as Swahili, [[Isanzu language|Isanzu]], [[Iraqw language|Iraqw]], and [[Sandawe language|Sandawe]]. The apostrophe, which is ubiquitous in transcription in the anthropological literature but causes problems with literacy, is not used: Glottal stop is indicated by vowel sequences (that is, {{IPA|/beʔe/}} is written {{angle bracket|bee}}, as in {{angle bracket|Hazabee}} {{IPA|/ɦadzabeʔe/}} 'the Hadza'), which true vowel sequences are separated by ''y'' or ''w'' (that is, {{IPA|/pie/}} 'two' is written {{angle bracket|piye}}), though in some cases an ''h'' may be justified, and ejectives and glottalized clicks by gemination (apart from reduced {{angle bracket|dl}} instead of *ddl for {{IPA|/c𝼆ʼ/}}). The ejectives are based on the voiced consonants, {{angle bracket|bb zz jj dl gg ggw}}, because these are otherwise found mostly in borrowings and thus not common. ''Tc'' {{IPA|/tʃ/}} and ''tch'' {{IPA|/tʃʰ/}} are as in Sandawe, ''sl'' {{IPA|/ɬ/}} as in Iraqw. (This is ultimately a French convention.) Nasalized vowels / VN rimes are {{angle bracket|an en in un}}. Long vowels are {{angle bracket|â}}, or {{angle bracket|aha}} where they are due to an elided {{IPA|/ɦ/}}. A tonic syllable may be written with an acute accent, {{angle bracket|á}}, but is generally not marked.{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
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