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Hall-effect thruster
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==== Xenon ==== [[Xenon]] has been the typical choice of propellant for many electric propulsion systems, including Hall thrusters.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=Krypton Hall effect thruster for spacecraft propulsion|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/10/111006084023.htm|access-date=28 April 2021|website=ScienceDaily|language=en}}</ref> Xenon propellant is used because of its high [[atomic weight]] and low [[ionization potential]]. Xenon is relatively easy to store, and as a gas at spacecraft operating temperatures does not need to be vaporized before usage, unlike metallic propellants such as bismuth. Xenon's high atomic weight means that the ratio of energy expended for ionization per mass unit is low, leading to a more efficient thruster.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hall Thruster Project|url=https://w3.pppl.gov/~fisch/hall_thruster_project4.htm|access-date=28 April 2021|website=w3.pppl.gov}}</ref>
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