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Halothane
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==Related substances== Attempts to find anesthetics with less metabolism led to [[halogenated ether]]s such as [[enflurane]] and [[isoflurane]]. The incidence of [[liver|hepatic]] reactions with these agents is lower. The exact degree of [[hepatotoxic]] potential of enflurane is debated, although it is minimally metabolized. Isoflurane is essentially not metabolized and reports of associated liver injury are quite rare.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = | title = Halogenated Anesthetics | series = LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury | date = January 2018 | publisher = National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases | pmid = 31644158 | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31644158/ | id = NBK548851 }}</ref> Small amounts of [[trifluoroacetic acid]] can be formed from both halothane and isoflurane metabolism and possibly accounts for cross sensitization of patients between these agents.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ma TG, Ling YH, McClure GD, Tseng MT | title = Effects of trifluoroacetic acid, a halothane metabolite, on C6 glioma cells | journal = Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health | volume = 31 | issue = 2 | pages = 147β158 | date = October 1990 | pmid = 2213926 | doi = 10.1080/15287399009531444 | bibcode = 1990JTEH...31..147M }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Biermann JS, Rice SA, Fish KJ, Serra MT | title = Metabolism of halothane in obese Fischer 344 rats | journal = Anesthesiology | volume = 71 | issue = 3 | pages = 431β7 | date = September 1989 | pmid = 2774271 | doi = 10.1097/00000542-198909000-00020 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The main advantage of the more modern agents is lower blood solubility, resulting in faster induction of and recovery from anaesthesia.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Eger EI | title = The pharmacology of isoflurane | journal = British Journal of Anaesthesia | volume = 56 | pages = 71Sβ99S | date = 1984 | issue = Suppl 1 | pmid = 6391530 | url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6391530/ }}</ref>
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