Editing Hoabinhian (section)

==Genetic links to ancient and modern East and Southeast Asian populations==
{{anchor|Genetics}}
[[File:Phylogenetic_structure_of_Eastern_Eurasians.png|thumb|400px|Phylogenetic position of the Hoabinhian lineage among other [[East-Eurasian|Eastern Eurasians]].

Hoabinhian ancestry is described to be deeply diverged from the common ancestor of present-day East and Southeast Asians.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Melinda A. |title=A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia |journal=Human Population Genetics and Genomics |date=6 January 2022 |pages=1–32 |doi=10.47248/hpgg2202010001 }}</ref>]]
{{As of|2022}}, only two [[ancient DNA]] samples have been extracted from individuals excavated in Hoabinhian contexts: one specimen from in Pha Faen in [[Bolikhamxay Province]], Laos (7888 ± 40 BP)<ref>{{cite journal | last1=McColl | first1=Hugh | last2=Racimo | first2=Fernando | last3=Vinner | first3=Lasse | last4=Demeter | first4=Fabrice | last5=Gakuhari | first5=Takashi | last6=Moreno-Mayar | first6=J. Víctor | last7=van Driem | first7=George | title=The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=361 | issue=6397 | date=6 July 2018 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.aat3628 | pages=88–92| pmid=29976827 | bibcode=2018Sci...361...88M | s2cid=206667111 | hdl=10072/383365 | url=https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/files/344873217/343042905_oa.pdf | hdl-access=free }}</ref> and one from [[:ms:Gua Cha|Gua Cha]] in [[Ulu Kelantan (federal constituency)|Ulu Kelantan]], [[Malaysia]] (4319 ± 64 BP). While the Upper Paleolithic origins of this Hoabinhian ancestry represented by the two samples are unknown, Hoabinhian ancestry has been found to be related to the main 'East Asian' ancestry component found in most modern East and Southeast Asians, although deeply diverged from it.<ref name=McColl2018>{{cite journal | last1=McColl | first1=Hugh | last2=Racimo | first2=Fernando | last3=Vinner | first3=Lasse | last4=Demeter | first4=Fabrice | last5=Gakuhari | first5=Takashi | last6=Moreno-Mayar | first6=J. Víctor | last7=van Driem | first7=George | last8=Gram Wilken | first8=Uffe | last9=Seguin-Orlando | first9=Andaine | last10=de la Fuente Castro | first10=Constanza | last11=Wasef | first11=Sally | last12=Shoocongdej | first12=Rasmi | last13=Souksavatdy | first13=Viengkeo | last14=Sayavongkhamdy | first14=Thongsa | last15=Saidin | first15=Mohd Mokhtar | last16=Allentoft | first16=Morten E. | last17=Sato | first17=Takehiro | last18=Malaspinas | first18=Anna-Sapfo | last19=Aghakhanian | first19=Farhang A. | last20=Korneliussen | first20=Thorfinn | display-authors=5| title=The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=361 | issue=6397 | year=2018 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.aat3628 | pages=88–92| pmid=29976827 | bibcode=2018Sci...361...88M | s2cid=206667111 | hdl=10072/383365 | url=https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/files/344873217/343042905_oa.pdf | hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name=Yang2022>{{Cite journal |last=Yang |first=Melinda A. |date=6 January 2022 |title=A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia |journal=Human Population Genetics and Genomics |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=1–32 |doi=10.47248/hpgg2202010001|doi-access=free }}</ref>

Hoabinhian ancestry has been described as a "deeply branching East Asian ancestry" and inferred to represent the indigenous hunter-gatherer groups of large parts of Southeast Asia.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bennett |first1=E. Andrew |last2=Liu |first2=Yichen |last3=Fu |first3=Qiaomei |date=3 December 2024 |title=Reconstructing the Human Population History of East Asia through Ancient Genomics |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/reconstructing-the-human-population-history-of-east-asia-through-ancient-genomics/0524D629660B5E43FC7094C043D54C6A# |journal=Elements in Ancient East Asia |language=en |doi=10.1017/9781009246675|isbn=978-1-009-24667-5 |doi-access=free }}</ref> They display the highest genetic affinities to the Upper Paleolithic [[Tianyuan man]] from northern China, the [[Jōmon people|Jōmon peoples]] of Japan,<ref name="McColl20182" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Dang |last2=Duong |first2=Nguyen Thuy |last3=Ton |first3=Nguyen Dang |last4=Van Phong |first4=Nguyen |last5=Pakendorf |first5=Brigitte |last6=Van Hai |first6=Nong |last7=Stoneking |first7=Mark |date=1 September 2020 |title=Extensive Ethnolinguistic Diversity in Vietnam Reflects Multiple Sources of Genetic Diversity |url=https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/37/9/2503/5821431?login=false |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=37 |issue=9 |pages=2503–2519 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msaa099 |pmid=32344428 |issn=0737-4038|hdl=21.11116/0000-0006-4AD8-4 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kusuma |first1=Pradiptajati |last2=Cox |first2=Murray P. |last3=Barker |first3=Graeme |last4=Sudoyo |first4=Herawati |last5=Lansing |first5=J. Stephen |last6=Jacobs |first6=Guy S. |date=28 November 2023 |title=Deep ancestry of Bornean hunter-gatherers supports long-term local ancestry dynamics |url=https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/ef9e05b0-b0d3-423b-ae2f-2bba0a379aee/download |journal=Cell Reports |language=English |volume=42 |issue=11 |doi=10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113346 |issn=2211-1247 |pmid=37917587}}</ref> the [[Andamanese peoples|Andamanese]] [[Onge]] and [[Jarawas (Andaman Islands)|Jarawa]], [[Semang]] (also known as "Malaysian [[Negritos]]") and [[Maniq people|Maniq]] in the interior of the Malay Peninsula.<ref name="McColl20182">{{cite journal |last1=McColl |first1=Hugh |last2=Racimo |first2=Fernando |last3=Vinner |first3=Lasse |last4=Demeter |first4=Fabrice |last5=Gakuhari |first5=Takashi |last6=Moreno-Mayar |first6=J. Víctor |last7=van Driem |first7=George |last8=Gram Wilken |first8=Uffe |last9=Seguin-Orlando |first9=Andaine |last10=de la Fuente Castro |first10=Constanza |last11=Wasef |first11=Sally |last12=Shoocongdej |first12=Rasmi |last13=Souksavatdy |first13=Viengkeo |last14=Sayavongkhamdy |first14=Thongsa |last15=Saidin |first15=Mohd Mokhtar |display-authors=5 |year=2018 |title=The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia |journal=Science |publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |volume=361 |issue=6397 |pages=88–92 |bibcode=2018Sci...361...88M |doi=10.1126/science.aat3628 |issn=0036-8075 |pmid=29976827 |s2cid=206667111 |hdl-access=free |last16=Allentoft |first16=Morten E. |last17=Sato |first17=Takehiro |last18=Malaspinas |first18=Anna-Sapfo |last19=Aghakhanian |first19=Farhang A. |last20=Korneliussen |first20=Thorfinn |hdl=10072/383365|url=https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/files/344873217/343042905_oa.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Göllner |first1=Tobias |last2=Larena |first2=Maximilian |last3=Kutanan |first3=Wibhu |last4=Lukas |first4=Helmut |last5=Fieder |first5=Martin |last6=Schaschl |first6=Helmut |year=2022 |title=Unveiling the Genetic History of the Maniq, a Primary Hunter-Gatherer Society |journal=Genome Biology and Evolution |volume=14 |issue=4 |doi=10.1093/gbe/evac021 |pmc=9005329 |pmid=35143674}}</ref>

The emergence of the [[History of Southeast Asia#Neolithic Migrations|Neolithic in Southeast Asia]] went along with a population shift caused by migrations from southern China. Neolithic Mainland Southeast Asian samples predominantly have East Asian ancestry related to [[Ancient Southern East Asian|ancient populations from southern China]], but many of these samples also display admixture with Hoabinhian-related ancestry to a smaller degree. In modern populations, this admixture of East Asian and Hoabinhian-related ancestry is most strongly associated with [[Austroasiatic languages|Austroasiatic-speaking groups]],<ref name=McColl2018/> and can also be reproduced in models where Onge samples are taken as proxies for Hoabinhian ancestry.<ref name=Liu2020>{{cite journal | vauthors = Liu D, Duong NT, Ton ND, Van Phong N, Pakendorf B, Van Hai N, Stoneking M | title = Extensive ethnolinguistic diversity in Vietnam reflects multiple sources of genetic diversity | journal = Molecular Biology and Evolution | date = April 2020 | volume = 37 | issue = 9 | pages = 2503–2519 | pmid = 32344428 | doi = 10.1093/molbev/msaa099 | pmc = 7475039 | url = | doi-access = free }}</ref>