Editing Infallibility (section)

===Judaism===
The notion of infallibility in Judaism as it relates to the [[Tannaim]] and [[Amoraim]] of the [[Talmud]], as well as the [[Rishonim]], [[Achronim]] and modern day [[Gedolim]] is one surrounded by debate.

Some who reject infallibility cite the Talmud, [[Pesachim]] 94b:
{{quote|The sages of Israel say: "The sphere ([[Earth]]) remains fixed and the [[constellations]] revolve," while the sages of the nations say: "The sphere revolves and the constellations remain fixed."&nbsp;... the sages of Israel say: "during the day the [[sun]] moves below the canopy (sky) and at night above the canopy," while the sages of the nations say: "during the day the sun moves below the canopy and at night below the ground." Rebbi said: "Their words seem more correct than ours..."}}

The words of the [[Mishnah]] are commented on by numerous commentators, and [[Yehuda (Leo) Levi|Yehuda Levi]] argues that the [[Geonim]] and [[Maimonides]] perceived that the sages of the Talmud "erred in a matter of astronomy".<ref>Levi, Yehuda, ''The Science in Torah'', Feldheim Publishers 2004, p. 92.</ref> Maimonides wrote that the great sages are not expected to advocate positions perfectly in-line with modern science because they were "scholars of that generation," often basing their assessments of what "they learned from the scholars of the era."<ref>[[Maimonidies]], ''[[The Guide for the Perplexed]]'', part 3, chapter 14.</ref>

In the [[Hasidism|Hasidic]] tradition, however, infallibility is taught in the [[Chabad]] tradition in connection with a [[rebbe]].{{Cn|date=January 2023}}