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Jimmie Rodgers
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===Influence=== Rodgers is considered the "[[Honorific nicknames in popular music|Father of Country Music]]".{{sfn|Country Music Hall of Fame|2023}}{{sfn|Rock and Roll Hall of Fame|2023}} The [[Country Music Hall of Fame]] inducted Rodgers among the [[List of Country Music Hall of Fame inductees|inaugural class of 1961]]. According to the Hall of Fame, Rodgers "brought to the emerging genre of 'hillbilly music' a distinctive, colorful personality and a rousing vocal style" that "created and defined the role of the singing star in country music".{{sfn|Country Music Hall of Fame|2023}} The [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]] inducted Rodgers as an early influence with the [[List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees|class of 1986]]. Rodgers was inducted by [[Jerry Wexler]], as the Hall of Fame determined that the genre "owes an immeasurable debt" to the singer, and that, despite being a country music singer, "his fusion of blues, Appalachian ballads and spirituals was an early framework for rock and roll" that influenced "everyone from Bob Dylan to Lynyrd Skynyrd".{{sfn|Rock and Roll Hall of Fame|2023}} The [[Blues Hall of Fame]] wrote about Rodgers induction: "His reworkings of the blues not only helped popularize the music with white audiences but were also performed by many singers from the African American community that produced the blues that inspired Rodgers in the first place".{{sfn|The Blues Foundation|2023}} Rodgers was the first artist inducted to the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] in 1970 for his influence in artists of "every genre" through music that "fused hillbilly, gospel, blues, jazz, pop and mountain folk music into timeless American standards".{{sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame|2023}} That same year, he was inducted to the [[Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame]]. The entry on Rodgers remarked on his "undying" influence on multiple generations of musicians.{{sfn|Nashville Songwriters Foundation|2023}} He was also inducted into the [[Alabama Music Hall of Fame]] and the Blue Ridge Music Hall of Fame in 1993 and 2018 respectively.{{sfn|Stedham, Mike|1993|p=1}}{{sfn|Blue Ridge Music Hall of Fame|2018}} For [[Encyclopædia Britannica]], Rodgers' legacy made him "one of the principal figures in the emergence of the country and western style of popular music".{{sfn|Encyclopaedia Britannica staff|2023}} ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine placed Rodgers at number 11 on its 100 Greatest Country Artists of All Time list,{{sfn|Rolling Stone staff|2017}} and at number 88 on their 200 Greatest Singers of All Time list.{{sfn|Rolling Stone staff|2023}} ''[[Allmusic]]'' has described Rodgers as "the first nationally known star of country music", noted his influence on later musicians and declared that the singer "affected the history of country music by making it a viable, commercially popular medium".{{sfn|Vinopal, David|2023}} Country singers [[Gene Autry]] and [[Jimmie Davis]], as well as western swing singer [[Tommy Duncan]], were heavily influenced by Rodgers. Autry, Davis and Duncan recorded multiple songs of his repertoire, including yodeling tracks, until they changed their styles to avoid being deemed imitators.{{sfn|Cusic, Don|2007|p=21}}{{sfn|Mazor, Barry|2009|p=147}} As a teenager, [[Hank Snow]] heard Rodgers' "Moonlight and Skies" on the radio. Snow started to imitate Rodgers' guitar playing and singing style, and he would later credit him as his one major influence.{{sfn|Oickle, Vernon|2014|pp=27-29}} "Moonlight and Skies" was one of his most popular songs in many parts of the country.{{sfn|Porterfield, Nolan|2007|p=252}} [[Ernest Tubb]] also considered Rodgers to be his greatest influence. Early in his career, Tubb kept a picture of Rodgers, which at one point became worn out. He then decided to call Rodgers' widow to obtain a new copy. Carrie Rodgers invited him and his family to her home. Eventually, she decided to help Tubb with his career: they recorded a duet of the tribute song "We Miss Him When the Evening Shadows Fall" and Carrie presented Tubb with Rodgers' guitar as a gift.{{sfn|Pugh, Ronnie|1998|pp=25-29}} [[Robert Johnson]]'s stepsister, Annye, remembered Rodgers as their favorite country singer. Johnson played "Waiting for a Train" and imitated Rodgers' yodel.{{sfn|James, Ben|2020}} Other artists that have acknowledged influence by Rodgers include [[Lefty Frizzell]],{{sfn|Frizzell, David|2011|p=22}} [[Roy Rogers]], [[Eddy Arnold]],{{sfn|Peterson, Richard|2008|p=50}} [[Jerry Lee Lewis]],{{sfn|Bonomo, Joe|2009|p=37}} [[Johnny Cash]],{{sfn|Hilburn, Robert|2013|pp=233-236}} [[Willie Nelson]],{{sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame|2023}} [[Merle Haggard]],{{sfn|Lee Rubin, Rachel|2018|p=9}} [[Bob Dylan]],{{sfn|Heylin, Clinton|2003|p=11}} [[George Harrison]],{{sfn|Kahn, Ashley|2020|p=349}} [[Lynyrd Skynyrd]],{{sfn|Rock and Roll Hall of Fame|2023}} [[John Fahey (musician)|John Fahey]],{{sfn|Lowenthal, Steve|Fricke, David|2014|p=8}} and [[Alison Krauss]].{{sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame|2023}} Rodgers' appearance on ''The Singing Brakeman'' is considered one of the first music videos.{{sfn|Betts, Stephen|2019}}{{sfn|Piazza, Tom|2011|p=10}} In South Africa, Rodgers' records were distributed by [[Regal Zonophone Records]].{{sfn|Nunn, Erich|2015|p=70}} In his autobiography, ''Down Second Avenue'', writer [[Es'kia Mphahlele]] described about his memories of young men bringing gramophones and Rodgers' records from [[Pretoria]], and how his music could be heard on Christmas Day throughout his village.{{sfn|Nunn, Erich|2015|pp=70-71}} Rodgers' records sold particularly well in [[Durban]], a city mostly populated by the [[Zulu people|Zulu]]. In 1930, singers Griffiths Motsieloa and Ignatius Monare recorded their version of a blue yodel in [[Zulu language]], entitled "Aubuti Nkikho", in London. In 1932, William Mseleku recorded "Eku Hambeni" and "Sifikile Tina". The songs were inspired by Rodgers' style and recorded in Zulu.{{sfn|Nunn, Erich|2015|p=70}} Rodgers influenced several Zimbabwean acoustic guitarists of the 1940s, who had heard records imported from South Africa, including Chinemberi, Mattaka, Jacob Mhungu and Jeremiah Kainga. Local artists developed a two-finger playing style that used the thumb and first finger to emulate the sound of the singer and they frequently used yodels.{{sfn|Turino, Thomas|2000|p=235}} Recordings of Rodgers were taken to the [[Great Rift Valley, Kenya|Great Rift Valley]] of Kenya by English missionaries who lived among the [[Kipsigis people]]. The tribe sang about Rodgers in a traditional song recorded in 1950 by [[ethnomusicologist]] [[Hugh Tracey]] who later named it "[[Chemirocha|Chemirocha III]]".{{sfn|NPR staff|2015}}
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