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Juǀʼhoan language
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===Nouns and pronouns=== Nouns are grouped into noun classes based on animacy and species, with each class having a pronoun-set. The plural is formed by the suffixing of {{lang|ktz|-si}} or {{lang|ktz|-sín}} or by no change, {{lang|ktz|-Ø}}. Many nouns have irregular plurals, such as {{lang|ktz|jù}} (''person'', plural {{lang|ktz|jú}}). For example, the noun {{lang|ktz|gǂhòà}}, "dog", belongs to class 2, and may be referred to with the pronoun {{lang|ktz|ha}}, whereas {{lang|ktz|gǀúí}}, "forest", belongs to class 5, which has {{lang|ktz|ká}} as its corresponding pronoun. The noun classes and their pronoun-sets are as follows: {| class="wikitable" ! Class ! General ! Possessed ! Deictic ! Example |- ! 1 | {{lang|ktz|ha}} (sg); {{lang|ktz|sá}} (dual); {{lang|ktz|hì}}, {{lang|ktz|sì}} (pl) | {{lang|ktz|mà}} (sg); {{lang|ktz|hìsì}} (pl) | {{lang|ktz|ǁʼàhaà}} (sg); {{lang|ktz|ǁʼàsà}} (dual); {{lang|ktz|ǁʼàsìsà}}, {{lang|ktz|ǁʼàhìsà}} (pl) | {{lang|ktz|jù}} "person" |- ! 2 | ha (sg); hì (pl) | mà (sg); hìsì (pl) | ǁʼàhaà (sg); ǁʼàhìsà (pl) | gǂhòà "dog" |- ! 3 | ha (sg & pl) | mà (sg); màsì (pl) | ǁʼàhaà (sg & pl) | ǁxòè "meteor" |- ! 4 | hì (sg & pl) | hì (sg); hìsì (pl) | ǁʼàhìà (sg); ǁʼàhìsà (pl) | gǁùú, "meteor" |- ! 5 | ká (sg & pl) | gá (sg); gásì (pl) | ǁʼàkáà (sg); ǁʼàkásà (pl) | gǀúí "forest" |} ====Pronouns==== Personal and demonstrative pronouns are: {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! colspan="2" | ! Singular ! Dual ! Plural |- ! rowspan="2" | 1st person ! exclusive | rowspan="2" | mí | ètsá | è, èǃá |- ! inclusive | mtsá | m, mǃá |- ! colspan="2" | 2nd person | à; há (hort.) | ìtsá | ì, ìǃá |- ! colspan="2" | 3rd person | ha (n1-3), hì (n4), ká (n5) | sá (n1) | hì (n1-2), sì (n1) |}
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