Editing Knights of the Round Table (section)

=== Brandelis ===
[[File:Armes imaginaires de Brandelis - variante 1.svg|thumb|upright|left|Brandelis' attributed arms]]

'''Brandelis''' (or similar) is the name of a number of Arthurian romance characters, including multiple Knights of the [[Round Table]] from the French prose tradition. As in the case of several other Arthurian characters, such as [[King Ban]], they might have been derived from the Welsh mythology's figure of [[Brân]].<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mjsWsH6tKwUC&pg=PA199 | title=Paganism in Arthurian Romance | isbn=978-0-85991-426-0 | last1=Darrah | first1=John | date=1997 | publisher=Boydell & Brewer }}</ref>

The best known of these characters was originally known as '''Bran de Lis''' (''Brans'', ''Bras'', ''Brun''; -''de Lys''), a character related to one of the mothers of the illegitimate sons of [[Gawain]]. Bran first appears in the First Continuation of Chrétien's ''[[Perceval]]'' as one of the brothers of the Tent Maiden (Guilorete<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bDxW5qnA01UC&pg=PA108 | title=Chrétien Continued: A Study of the Conte du Graal and its Verse Continuations | isbn=978-0-19-156526-7 | last1=Bruckner | first1=Matilda Tomaryn | date=15 January 2009 | publisher=Oxford University Press }}</ref>) of the Castle Lis, the mother of Gawain's son Lionel (''Lioniaus''). After Gawain had slain Bran's father Norroiz (''Norrois'', also ''Yder de Lis'') and two of his brothers in the previous duels in a long feud, Bran is about to fight him as well, but they are stopped by Arthur and later become friends. This story, which also exists in an alternative version where Gawain rapes the sister of Bran de Lis (see [[#Melian|Melian]]), is retold in ''The Jeaste of Sir Gawain'', where he appears as '''Brandles''' (the name also used for one of Arthur's knights in ''[[Sir Gawain and the Carle of Carlisle]]''), and in the Scottish ''[[Golagros and Gawane]]'', where he is called '''Spinagros'''. In the [[Vulgate Cycle]], '''Brandalus de Gales''' (of Wales) is the father of Floree, mother of Gawain's son [[Guinglain]]. In Malory's ''[[Le Morte d'Arthur]]'', '''Brandiles''' (''Brandyles'') is brother of the mother of Gawain's three sons (and later his companions at the Round Table): Gingalin, Lovel, and Florence.

As Sir '''Brandeliz''' (''Brandalis'', ''Brandelis'', ''Braudaliz''; ''Brandellis'' uniquely in the Scottish ''Lancelot of the Laik''), he appears in multiple episodes through the Vulgate Cycle (some of which are included in ''Le Morte d'Arthur''), participating in the quests (including the quest for the Grail) and in the wars against [[Claudas]] and [[Galahaut]]. In the prose cycles, he dies while fighting either against [[Lancelot]] during the latter's rescue of the condemned [[Guinevere]] or against [[Mordred]] in the final battle. In the standalone romance ''Claris et Laris'', '''Brandaliz''' is one of the eleven protagonists other than the eponymous duo; here he is a friend of Claris who, with the help of [[Merlin]], rescues Laris from the prison of the Danish king Tallas among his other acts. In both of these narratives, he is repeatedly freed from enemy captivity by the other heroes, including Gawain, Lancelot, and Claris. The Vulgate ''Lancelot'' story of [[Gaheriet]]'s rescue of Brandeliz and his lady might have been rewritten by Malory as an early episode of his "Tale of Sir Gareth", the fourth book of ''Le Morte d'Arthur''.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ucYDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA97 | title=Malory's Morte d'Arthur: Remaking Arthurian Tradition | isbn=978-1-137-11183-8 | last1=Batt | first1=C. | date=30 April 2016 | publisher=Springer }}</ref> In the [[Prose Tristan|Prose ''Tristan'']], Brandeliz (''Brandelis'') is a Knight of the Round Table from Cornwall, not Wales.

The Vulgate Cycle also features a different Knight of the Round Table other than Sir Brandeliz: a minor character of '''Duke Brandelis de Taningues''' (''Brandeban, Brandeharz'', ''Brandelz'', ''-de Tranurgor''). Yet another Knight of the Round Table named '''Brandelis le fils Lac''', that is "son of [[#Lac|Lac]]", appears as brother of [[#Erec|Erec]] in ''[[Palamedes (romance)|Palamedes]]'' and in ''I Due Tristani''. 

A few other Brandalis characters are clearly unrelated to the Round Table, such as that of the Saxon king known as either Brandalis or Mandalis (''Brandalus'', ''Braundalis'', ''Maundalis''), or that of Arthur's sworn eternal enemy Brandelis (''Brandalis''), both appearing in the Vulgate ''Merlin''. In the Welsh Vulgate ''Queste'' translation ''Y Seint Greal'', two of [[Peredur]]'s deceased uncles are named as Brwns Brandalis and Brendalis of Wales (''Brendalis o Gymry''). In ''[[Perlesvaus]]'', Brun Brandalis de Gales is a long-dead uncle of Perceval. However, some scholars have connected Bran de Lis with the villains Brian (''Brien'') des Isles (of the Isles) from ''Perlesvaus'' and Brandin des Isles (''Brandis'', ''Brandus'', ''Branduz'', -''des Ylles'') from the Vulgate ''Lancelot''<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0yeBAAAQBAJ | title=The Mammoth Book of King Arthur | isbn=978-1-78033-355-7 | last1=Ashley | first1=Mike | date= 2011 | publisher=Little, Brown Book }}</ref> (his character was expanded with an account of his earlier life as an invader in the ''Livre d'Artus''<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ywEEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA359 | isbn=978-1-78683-743-1 | title=The Arthur of the French: The Arthurian Legend in Medieval French and Occitan Literature | date=15 October 2020 | publisher=University of Wales Press }}</ref>), as well as to King Brandelidelin from an early German Arthurian romance ''[[Parzival]]'',<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PzcyAQAAMAAJ | title=Wolframs Stil und der Stoff des Parzival | last1=Singer | first1=Samuel | date=1916 }}</ref> as possibly identical in origin. (Brian/Brien des Isles may also have been modeled after [[Bryan FitzAlan, Lord FitzAlan|Bryan FitzAlan]], also known as Brian de l'Isle or Brian de Insula.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UwJ7GHadCHYC&pg=PA316 | title=The Evolution of Arthurian Romance: The Verse Tradition from Chrétien to Froissart | isbn=978-0-521-41153-0 | last1=Schmolke-Hasselmann | first1=Beate | date=28 May 1998 | publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lVq7x1wkYXMC | title=University of Kansas Publications: Humanistic studies | date=1940 }}</ref>) ''Ysaïe le Triste'' features Brandalis' own son, Brandor de Gaunes (of Wales). {{Clear left}}