Editing Landscape architecture (section)

==Profession==
{{main|Landscape architect}}
In many countries, a professional [[institute]], comprising members of the professional community, exists in order to protect the standing of the profession and promote its interests, and sometimes also regulate the practice of landscape architecture. The standard and strength of legal regulations governing landscape architecture practice varies from nation to nation, with some requiring licensure in order to practice; and some having little or no regulation. In [[Europe]], [[North America]], parts of [[South America]], [[Australia]], [[India]], and [[New Zealand]], landscape architecture is a regulated profession.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oala.on.ca |title=The Ontario Association of Landscape Architects |publisher=Oala.on.ca |access-date=2013-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011114143/http://www.oala.on.ca/ |archive-date=11 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Argentina===
Since 1889, with the arrival of the French architect and urbanist landscaper [[Carlos Thays]], recommended to recreate the National Capital's parks and public gardens, it was consolidated an apprentice and training program in landscaping that eventually became a regulated profession, currently the leading academic institution is the [[University of Buenos Aires|UBA University of Buenos Aires]]''"UBA Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Urbanismo"'' (Faculty of Architecture, Design and Urbanism) offering a Bacherlor's degree in Urban Landscaping Design and Planning, the profession itself is regulated by the National Ministry of Urban Planning of Argentina and the Institute of the [[Buenos Aires Botanical Garden]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

===Australia===
The [[Australian Institute of Landscape Architects]] (AILA) provides accreditation of university degrees and non-statutory professional registration for landscape architects. Once recognized by AILA, landscape architects use the title 'Registered Landscape Architect' across the six states and territories within Australia.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

AILA's system of professional recognition is a national system overseen by the AILA National Office in Canberra. To apply for AILA Registration, an applicant usually needs to satisfy a number of pre-requisites, including university qualification, a minimum number years of practice and a record of professional experience.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aila.org.au/AILAWeb/Become_an_AILA_Member/Join/AILAWeb/Join_or_Renew.aspx?hkey=2d670d90-0f9a-49c9-a901-68bc8fd5ef5e|title=Join or Renew|website=www.aila.org.au}}</ref>

Landscape Architecture within Australia covers a broad spectrum of planning, design, management, and research. From specialist design services for government and private sector developments through to specialist professional advice as an expert witness.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

===Canada===
In Canada, landscape architecture, like law and medicine, is a self-regulating profession pursuant to provincial statute. For example, Ontario's profession is governed by the Ontario Association of Landscape Architects pursuant to the ''Ontario Association of Landscape Architects Act''. Landscape architects in Ontario, British Columbia, and Alberta must complete the specified components of L.A.R.E (Landscape Architecture Registration Examination) as a prerequisite to full professional standing.

Provincial regulatory bodies are members of a national organization, the [[Canadian Society of Landscape Architects|Canadian Society of Landscape Architects / L'Association des Architectes Paysagistes du Canada]] (CSLA-AAPC), and individual membership in the CSLA-AAPC is obtained through joining one of the provincial or territorial components.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.csla-aapc.ca/csla-aapc|title=CSLA AAPC &#124; CSLA|website=www.csla-aapc.ca}}</ref>

===Indonesia===
ISLA (Indonesia Society of Landscape Architects) is the Indonesian society for professional landscape architects formed on 4 February 1978 and is a member of IFLA APR and IFLA World. The main aim is to increase the dignity of the professional members of landscape architects by increasing their activity role in community service, national and international development. The management of IALI consists of National Administrators who are supported by 20 Regional Administrators (Provincial level) and 3 Branch Managers at city level throughout Indonesia.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

Landscape architecture education in Indonesia was held in 18 universities, which graduated D3, Bachelor and Magister graduates. The landscape architecture education incorporate in Association of Indonesian Landscape Architecture Education.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

===Italy===
{{Unreferenced section|date=January 2021}}
AIAPP (Associazione Italiana Architettura del Paesaggio) is the Italian association of professional landscape architects formed in 1950 and is a member of IFLA and IFLA Europe (formerly known as EFLA). AIAPP is in the process of contesting this new law which has given the Architects' Association the new title of Architects, Landscape Architects, Planners and Conservationists whether or not they have had any training or experience in any of these fields other than Architecture.
In Italy, there are several different professions involved in landscape architecture:
*Architects
*Landscape designers
*Doctor landscape agronomists and Doctor landscape foresters, often called Landscape agronomists.
*Agrarian Experts and Graduated Agrarian experts.

===New Zealand===
The [[New Zealand Institute of Landscape Architects]] (NZILA) is the professional body for Landscape Architects in NZ.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://nzila.co.nz/about/ |website=nzila.co.nz |publisher=nzila |access-date=12 January 2021}}</ref>

In April 2013, NZILA jointly with AILA, hosted the 50th International Federation of Landscape Architects (IFLA) World Congress in Auckland, New Zealand. The World Congress is an international conference where Landscape Architects from all around the globe meet to share ideas around a particular topic.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

Within NZ, Members of NZILA when they achieve their professional standing, can use the title Registered Landscape Architect NZILA.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

NZILA provides an education policy and an accreditation process to review education programme providers; currently there are three accredited undergraduate Landscape Architecture programmes in New Zealand. Lincoln University also has an accredited masters programme in landscape architecture.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

=== Norway ===
Landscape architecture in Norway was established in 1919 at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) at Ås. The Norwegian School of Landscape Architecture at the Faculty of Landscape and Society is responsible for Europe's oldest landscape architecture education on an academic level. The departments areas include design and design of cities and places, garden art history, landscape engineering, greenery, zone planning, site development, place making and place keeping.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

=== South Africa ===
In May 1962, [[Joane Pim]], Ann Sutton, Peter Leutscher and Roelf Botha (considered the forefathers of the profession in South Africa) established the Institute for Landscape Architects, now known as the Institute for Landscape Architecture in South Africa (ILASA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilasa.co.za/|title=ILASA &#124; Institute For Landscape Architecture in South Africa}}</ref> ILASA is a voluntary organisation registered with the South African Council for the Landscape Architectural Profession (SACLAP).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saclap.org.za/|title=The South African Council for the Landscape Architectural Profession (SACLAP) - Home|website=saclap.org.za|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref> It consists of three regional bodies, namely, Gauteng, KwaZula-Natal and the Western Cape. ILASA's mission is to advance the profession of landscape architecture and uphold high standards of professional service to its members, and to represent the profession of landscape architecture in any matter which may affect the interests of the members of the institute. ILASA holds the country's membership with The [[International Federation of Landscape Architects]] (IFLA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iflaonline.org/|title=IFLA World · International Federation of Landscape Architects|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502180417/http://iflaonline.org/|archive-date=2 May 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In South Africa, the profession is regulated by SACLAP, established as a statutory council in terms of Section 2 of the South African Council for the Landscape Architectural Profession Act – Act 45 of 2000. The Council evolved out of the Board of Control for Landscape Architects (BOCLASA), which functioned under the Council of Architects in terms of The Architectural Act, Act 73 of 1970. SACLAP's mission is to establish, direct, sustain and ensure a high level of professional responsibilities and ethical conduct within the art and science of landscape architecture with honesty, dignity and integrity in the broad interest of public health, safety and welfare of the community.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

After completion of an accredited under-graduate and/or post-graduate qualification in landscape architecture at either the [[University of Cape Town]] or the [[University of Pretoria]], or landscape technology at the [[Cape Peninsula University of Technology]], professional registration is attained via a mandatory mentored candidacy period (minimum of two years) and sitting of the professional registration exam. After successfully completing the exam, the individual is entitled to the status of Professional Landscape Architect or Professional Landscape Technologist.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

=== Sweden ===
Architects Sweden, Sveriges Arkitekter, is the collective trade union and professional organisation for all architects, including landscape architects, in Sweden. The professional body is a member of IFLA ([[International Federation of Landscape Architects]]) as well as IFLA Europe.

As a landscape architect, anyone can become a member of Architects Sweden if they have a national or international university degree that is approved by the association. If the degree is from within the European Union, Architects Sweden approves Landscape architect educations listed by [[IFLA Europe]]. For educations outside the EU, the association makes an assessment on a statement from the [[Swedish Council for Higher Education]] (UHR).

===United Kingdom===
The UK's professional body is the [[Landscape Institute]] (LI). It is a [[charter]]ed body that accredits landscape professionals and university courses. At present there are fifteen accredited programmes in the UK. Membership of the LI is available to students, academics and professionals, and there are over 3,000 professionally qualified members.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

The Institute provides services to assist members including support and promotion of the work of landscape architects; information and guidance to the public and industry about the specific expertise offered by those in the profession; and training and educational advice to students and professionals looking to build upon their experience.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}

In 2008, the LI launched a major recruitment drive entitled "I want to be a Landscape Architect" to encourage the study of Landscape Architecture. The campaign aimed to raise the profile of landscape architecture and highlight its valuable role in building [[sustainable communities]] and fighting [[climate change]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.landscapeinstitute.org/media/CCPositionStatement.php |title=CC Position Statement |work=landscapeinstitute.org |year=2011 |access-date=30 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613043428/http://www.landscapeinstitute.org/media/CCPositionStatement.php |archive-date=13 June 2011}}</ref>

As of July 2018, the "I want to be a Landscape Architect" initiative was replaced by a brand new careers campaign entitled ''#ChooseLandscape'', which aims to raise awareness of landscape as a profession; improve and increase access to landscape education; and inspire young people to choose landscape as a career.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.landscapeinstitute.org/news/chooselandscape-launch-get-involved/|title=#ChooseLandscape launches next month – here's how to get involved {{!}} Landscape Institute|last=Gosling|first=Ben|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref> This new campaign includes other landscape-related professions such as landscape management, landscape planning, landscape science and urban design.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chooselandscape.org/choose-your-career/|title=Choose Your Career – Chooselandscape|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-31}}</ref>

===United States===
[[File:Washington Monument and the National Mall 4.jpg|thumb|The [[National Mall]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] includes many examples of landscape architecture based on historical memorials and monuments.]]
In the United States, landscape architecture is regulated by individual state governments. For a landscape architect, obtaining licensure requires advanced education and work experience, plus passage of the national examination called the Landscape Architect Registration Examination (L.A.R.E.). Licensing is overseen at the national level by the Council of Landscape Architectural Registration Boards (CLARB). Several states require passage of a state exam as well.

Landscape architecture has been identified as an above-average growth profession by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics and was listed in ''U.S. News & World Report'''s list of Best Jobs to Have in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://money.usnews.com/money/careers/articles/2009/12/28/landscape-architect-2.html |title=Career Advice and Guide for Job Searches - US News Business |publisher=Money.usnews.com |access-date=2013-04-06}}</ref> The national trade association for United States landscape architects is the [[American Society of Landscape Architects]]. [[Frederick Law Olmsted]], who designed Central Park in New York City, is known as the "father of American landscape architecture".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/massachusetts_conservation/frederick_law_olmsted.html |title=Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site--Massachusetts Conservation: A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary |access-date=24 October 2019 |archive-date=24 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024012619/https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/massachusetts_conservation/frederick_law_olmsted.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>