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Leopard
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===Size=== The leopard is a slender and muscular cat, with relatively short limbs and a broad head. It is [[sexually dimorphic]] with males larger and heavier than females.<ref name=Hoath/> Males stand {{cvt|60|-|70|cm}} at the shoulder, while females are {{cvt|57|-|64|cm}} tall. The head-and-body length ranges between {{cvt|92|and|183|cm}} with a {{cvt|66|to|102|cm|}} long tail. Sizes vary geographically. Males typically weigh {{cvt|30.9|-|72|kg}}, and females {{cvt|20.5|-|43|kg}}.<ref name="Kingdon">{{cite book |author1=Hunter, L. |author2=Henschel, P. |author3=Ray, J. C. |name-list-style=amp |chapter=''Panthera pardus'' Leopard |pages=159β168 |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-4081-8996-2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B_07noCPc4kC&pg=RA4-PA159 |editor1=Kingdon, J. |editor2=Happold, D. |editor3=Butynski, T. |editor4=Hoffmann, M. |editor5=Happold, M. |editor6=Kalina, J. |title=Mammals of Africa |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |location=London |access-date=2021-05-19 |archive-date=2024-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505145933/https://books.google.com/books?id=B_07noCPc4kC&pg=RA4-PA159#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live}}</ref> Occasionally, large males can grow up to {{cvt|91|kg}}. Leopards from the [[Cape Province]] in South Africa are generally smaller, reaching only {{cvt|20|-|45|kg}} in males.<ref name=estes/><ref name=mammal /><ref name=nowak>{{cite book |last1=Nowak |first1=R. M. |title=Walker's Mammals of the World |year=1999 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |location=Baltimore, US |isbn=978-0-8018-5789-8 |edition=Sixth |pages=828β831 |chapter=''Panthera pardus'' (Leopard) |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T37sFCl43E8C&pg=PA828 |access-date=2021-05-19 |archive-date=2024-05-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505145930/https://books.google.com/books?id=T37sFCl43E8C&pg=PA828#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live}}</ref> The heaviest wild leopard in Southern Africa weighed around {{cvt|96|kg}}, and it measured {{cvt|262|cm}}.<ref name=Burnie>{{cite book |editor-last1=Burnie |editor-first1=D. |editor-last2=Wilson |editor-first2=D. E. |name-list-style=amp |year=2001 |title=Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife |publisher=DK Adult |isbn=978-0-7894-7764-4}}</ref> In 2016, an Indian leopard killed in [[Himachal Pradesh]] measured {{cvt|261|cm}} with an estimated weight of {{cvt|78.5|kg}}; it was perhaps the largest known wild leopard in India.<ref>{{cite news |year=2016 |title=Is this the longest leopard in India? |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Is-this-the-longest-leopard-in-India/articleshow/56227308.cms |access-date=2018-03-14 |archive-date=2019-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406154410/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Is-this-the-longest-leopard-in-India/articleshow/56227308.cms |url-status=live}}</ref> The largest recorded skull of a leopard was found in India in 1920 and measured {{cvt|28|cm}} in [[Basal (anatomy)|basal]] length, {{cvt|20|cm}} in breadth, and weighed {{cvt|1|kg}}. The skull of an African leopard measured {{cvt|286|mm}} in basal length, and {{cvt|181|mm}} in breadth, and weighed {{cvt|790|g}}.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Prater, S. H. |title=Record panther skull (''P. p. pardus'') |journal=The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |date=1921 |volume=XXVII |issue=Part IV |pages=933β935 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/95740#page/1055/mode/1up |access-date=2019-08-24 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502064501/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/95740#page/1055/mode/1up |url-status=live}}</ref>
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