Editing Local area network (section)

=== Connection to the Internet ===
Local area networks may be connected to the [[Internet]] (a type of [[Wide area network|WAN]]) via fixed-line means (such as a [[DSL]]/[[ADSL]] modem<ref>{{Cite web |title=Configuration example for connecting a LAN to the Internet through an ADSL modem |url=https://support.hpe.com/techhub/eginfolib/networking/docs/routers/hsr6800/5200-3506_l2-wan_cg/content/482615561.htm |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=support.hpe.com}}</ref>) or alternatively using a cellular or satellite [[modem]]. These would additionally make use of telephone wires such as [[Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line|VDSL]] and [[Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 2|VDSL2]], coaxial cables, or [[fiber to the home]] for running fiber-optic cables directly into a house or office building, or alternatively a cellular modem or [[satellite dish]] in the latter non-fixed cases. With [[Internet access]], the [[Internet service provider|Internet service provider (ISP)]] would grant a single WAN-facing [[IP address]] to the network. A router is configured with the provider's IP address on the WAN interface, which is shared among all devices in the LAN by [[network address translation]]. 

A [[Residential gateway|gateway]] establishes [[Physical layer|physical]] and [[data link layer]] connectivity to a WAN over a service provider's native telecommunications infrastructure. Such devices typically contain a [[Cable modem|cable]], [[DSL modem|DSL]], or [[Modem#Optical modem|optical modem]] bound to a [[network interface controller]] for Ethernet. Home and small business class routers are often incorporated into these devices for additional convenience, and they often also have integrated [[wireless access point]] and 4-port Ethernet [[LAN switching|switch]]. 

The [[ITU-T]] [[G.hn]] and [[IEEE]] [[Power line communication|Powerline]] standard, which provide high-speed (up to 1&nbsp;Gbit/s) local area networking over existing home wiring, are examples of home networking technology designed specifically for [[Internet Protocol television|IPTV]] delivery.<ref name="BERGU142">{{cite book |author1=Berger, Lars T. |title=MIMO Power Line Communications: Narrow and Broadband Standards, EMC, and Advanced Processing |author2=Schwager, Andreas |author3=Pagani, Pascal |author4=Van Rensburg |author5=Piet Janse |date=February 2014 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781466557529 |editor1=Berger, Lars T. |series=Devices, Circuits, and Systems |pages=3–38 |chapter=Introduction to the Power Line Communication Channel and Noise Characterisation |doi=10.1201/b16540-3 |access-date=2014-05-19 |editor2=Schwager, Andreas |editor3=Pagani, Pascal |editor4=Schneider, Daniel M |chapter-url=http://www.crcnetbase.com/doi/abs/10.1201/b16540-3?queryID= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017135609/http://www.crcnetbase.com/doi/abs/10.1201/b16540-3?queryID= |archive-date=2015-10-17 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{Relevance inline|date=December 2024}}