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Luminous efficiency function
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=== Age === For older people with normal color vision, the [[crystalline lens]] may become slightly yellow due to [[cataract]]s, which moves the maximum of sensitivity to the red part of the spectrum and narrows the range of perceived wavelengths.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Artigas |first1=Jose M. |last2=Felipe |first2=Adelina |last3=Navea |first3=Amparo |last4=Fandiño |first4=Adriana |last5=Artigas |first5=Cristina |title=Spectral Transmission of the Human Crystalline Lens in Adult and Elderly Persons: Color and Total Transmission of Visible Light |journal=Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science |date=25 June 2012 |volume=53 |issue=7 |pages=4076–4084 |doi=10.1167/iovs.12-9471|pmid=22491402 }}</ref> A method for estimating the transmittance of the human crystalline lens depending on age is standardized as CIE 203:2012,<ref>{{cite web |title=A Computerized Approach to Transmission and Absorption Characteristics of the Human Eye {{!}} CIE |url=https://cie.co.at/publications/computerized-approach-transmission-and-absorption-characteristics-human-eye |website=cie.co.at}}</ref> though further improvement has been proposed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Jiaye |last2=Hanselaer |first2=Peter |last3=Smet |first3=Kevin A. G. |title=Individual Color Matching Functions Estimated from Spectrally Narrow-Band Achromatic Matches Using Physiological Observer Models |journal=LEUKOS |date=20 February 2025 |pages=1–21 |doi=10.1080/15502724.2024.2419640}}</ref> For a few more lens transmission functions, see the Lucas (2014) Irradiance Toolbox.<ref name=Lucas>{{cite web |title=Irradiance toolbox user guide (The University of Manchester) |url=https://documents.manchester.ac.uk/DocuInfo.aspx?DocID=57020 |website=documents.manchester.ac.uk}}</ref>
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