Editing Market system (section)

=== MAS theory ===
MAS (mechanism, action, structure) theory of marketing systems proposed by Layton<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Layton|first=Roger A.|date=2015|title=Formation, Growth, and Adaptive Change in Marketing Systems|journal=Journal of Macromarketing|volume=35|issue=3|pages=302–319|doi=10.1177/0276146714550314|s2cid=143031740 |issn=0276-1467}}</ref> focuses on social mechanisms, strategic action fields, and emergent marketing system structure to explicate potential sources and causes of marketing system's formation, adaptation, and evolution. Social mechanisms include cooperation, specialisation, and self-organisation, while strategic action fields comprise the action and practices of marketing system actors in their specific roles. Layton argues that marketing systems emerge as localised exchanges grow in scope and become stabilised while specialisation expands, and in addition, as key structures become formalised.