Editing Michigan left (section)

==Examples==
===Angola===
The capital city of Angola, [[Luanda]], makes widespread use of a simplified variant of this type of intersection on its two- and three-lane, median-separated throughways instead of using traffic lights. Larger junctions use this intersection type instead of much more costly grade-separated interchanges.

===Australia===
In Australia, where traffic drives on the left, the [[Victoria (Australia)|Victorian]] state government in 2009 introduced the "P-turn", similar to the Michigan left, at the intersection of [[Moorooduc Highway]] ([[list of road routes in Victoria#C701 to C794|C777]]) and Cranbourne-Frankston Road ([[list of road routes in Victoria (numeric)#Melbourne|State Route 4]]) in the southeastern [[Melbourne]] suburb of [[Frankston, Victoria|Frankston]]. This requires right-turning vehicles to turn left then make a U-turn. As of May 2015, local residents had called for its removal.<ref>{{cite news | last1 = Carton | first1 = Donna |last2 = Morris | first2 = Deborah | newspaper = [[Leader Community Newspapers|Frankston Standard Leader]] | url = http://frankston-leader.whereilive.com.au/news/story/p-turn-to-shut-frankston-residents-out-of-their-street/ |title = P-turn to shut Frankston residents out of their street | date = March 2, 2009 | access-date = December 20, 2010 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121118030747/http://frankston-leader.whereilive.com.au/news/story/p-turn-to-shut-frankston-residents-out-of-their-street/ | archive-date = November 18, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.heraldsun.com.au/leader/south-east/roads-minister-luke-donnellan-says-frankstons-pturn-will-remain/news-story/1c18d94bce9d9d925509f8f2947f8c26 |title = Roads Minister Luke Donnellan says Frankston's P-turn will remain |first = Christian |last = Tatman |newspaper = [[Leader Community Newspapers|Frankston Standard Leader]] |date = May 15, 2015 |access-date = January 7, 2016 }}</ref>

On April 16, 2018, a P-turn was introduced at the intersection of [[Hoddle Highway|Hoddle Street]] ([[list of road routes in Victoria (numeric)#Melbourne|State Route 29]]) and Johnston Street ([[list of road routes in Victoria (numeric)#Melbourne|State Route 34]]) in [[Abbotsford, Victoria]]. Another P-turn was added in 2019 at the intersection of the [[Hoddle Highway|Punt Road]] section of State Route 29 and [[Swan Street]] ([[list of road routes in Victoria (numeric)#Melbourne|State Route 20]]) in [[Richmond, Victoria|Richmond]].<ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-03-17/p-turn-hoddle-street-punt-road-in-melbourne-victoria/10903050 |title = Melbourne gets another P-turn with Swan Street changes |work = ABC News |date = March 17, 2019 |access-date = September 11, 2020 }}</ref>

===Brazil===
The Michigan left is a commonly used design in Brazil especially in [[São Paulo]] and [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]].

===Canada===
In [[Ottawa]], Ontario, a Michigan left exists to proceed from [[Bank Street (Ottawa)|Bank Street]] to [[Riverside Drive (Ottawa)|Riverside Drive]] in both directions.

The design has been proposed in [[Toronto]], Ontario, to relieve motorists who wish to make a left-turn on roadways that will contain a proposed streetcar line by the [[Transit City]] project.

A Michigan left exists in [[Windsor, Ontario]], on Huron Church Road, just north of the [[E.C. Row Expressway]], where a narrow-median variant put in place years ago is now seldom used due to the realignment of the expressway in conjunction with the construction of the [[Herb Gray Parkway]].

In [[Saskatoon]], Saskatchewan, a Michigan left pairing exists on [[8th Street East (Saskatoon)|8th Street]], just west of its interchange with [[Circle Drive]], as well as a few other U-turn lanes as one heads westbound.

In [[London, Ontario]], a Michigan left was constructed in 2025 at [[Highbury Avenue|Highbury Ave]] and [[Oxford Street (London, Ontario)|Oxford St]] as part of the [[East London Link]] Bus [[Rapid Transit (London, Ontario)|Rapid Transit]] project.

===Hong Kong===
This is the design at some busy junctions in Hong Kong where traffic drives on the left. In Hong Kong Island examples include the junction of [[Fleming Road]] and [[Harbour Road]] in [[Wan Chai North]], and the junction of Hennessey Road and [[Canal Road Flyover]] in [[Wong Nai Chung]]. In [[Kowloon]] this design exists between Cheong Wan Road and Hong Chong Road/[[Salisbury Road]].

===Philippines===
[[File:03333jfBarangay Bayanihan Boni Serrano Katipuan Avenue Quezon Cityfvf 22.jpg|thumb|A no left-turn scheme at the intersection of [[Bonny Serrano Avenue]] and [[Katipunan Avenue]] (part of [[Circumferential Road 5]]) in [[Quezon City]], [[Metro Manila]]]]
In the [[Philippines]], the [[Metropolitan Manila Development Authority]] (MMDA) under [[Bayani Fernando]] implemented a "no left-turn" scheme in the early 2000s along several major roads in Metro Manila, prohibiting motor vehicle traffic from turning left at intersections and instead requiring them to make a [[U-turn]] at designated U-turn slots and making a right turn after. The scheme was designed to mimic the Michigan left turn design by creating continuous traffic, mitigating bottlenecks caused by traffic light signals.<ref name="Villarete2014UTurns" /> The MMDA claimed that its "no left-turn" scheme in addition to its [[No Contact Apprehension Policy]] and road obstruction clearing campaign has increased the average travel speed along major thoroughfares from {{convert|14.5|kph|mph|sp=us|abbr=on}} in July 2001 to {{convert|17.37|kph|mph|sp=us|abbr=on}} in June 2003.<ref name="Clapano2003MMDA">{{Cite news |last=Clapano |first=Jose |date=June 15, 2003 |title=Jaworski to Bayani: Have a heart |work=[[The Philippine Star]] |url=https://www.philstar.com/metro/2003/06/15/210183/jaworski-bayani-have-heart |access-date=January 8, 2023}}</ref>

However, the implementation of the "no left-turn" scheme in Metro Manila was controversial, as it was notorious among motorists for causing longer travel distances due to having to navigate to the nearest U-turn slot and for incidents of motorists missing their U-turn slot due to difficulties navigating to it safely. Several academic studies were also made on the "no left-turn" scheme, summarizing that the scheme induces longer travel time and only works with low car inflow and minimal lane changing maneuvers, with the U-turn slots eventually becoming congested themselves.<ref name="Villarete2014UTurns">{{Cite news |last=Villarete |first=Nigel |date=July 17, 2014 |title=Understanding U-turn slots |work=[[The Philippine Star]] |url=https://www.philstar.com/test-microsite-clone/2014/07/17/1347190/understanding-u-turn-slots |access-date=January 8, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chanco |first=Boo |date=August 24, 2007 |title=The U-turns of Bayani Fernando |work=[[The Philippine Star]] |url=https://www.philstar.com/business/2007/08/24/15003/u-turns-bayani-fernando |access-date=January 8, 2023}}</ref> Since then, many of these U-turn slots were closed and left-turning at most intersections was restored, although some still{{clarify timeframe|date=December 2024<!--this content appeared here in January 2023 -->}} remain along roads such as [[EDSA]], [[Quezon Avenue]], and [[Circumferential Road 5]].{{cn|date=December 2024}}

===Mexico===
U-turn intersections are very common throughout Mexico, particularly in Mexico City.

===United Kingdom===
A similar style P-turn is used in the junction of the [[A4 road (England)|A4 Great West Road]] and A3002 [[Boston Manor]] Road in [[Brentford]], England.

===United States===
In 2013, Michigan lefts were installed in [[Alabama]] for the first time, in several locations along heavily traveled [[U.S. Route 280]] in metro [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]].<ref>{{cite news |url = http://blog.al.com/spotnews/2013/09/michigan_left_u-turn_along_us.html |first = Mike |last = Smith |work = [[The Birmingham News]] |date = September 5, 2013 |title = US&nbsp;280: 'Michigan Left' U-turn at Valleydale Scheduled to Be in Effect for Friday Morning Commute (animation) }}</ref>

[[Tucson, Arizona]], began introducing Michigan lefts in 2013, at Ina/Oracle and on Grant Road. Their reception has been mixed.<ref>{{cite web |title = Little Love for Michigan Left |url = http://azstarnet.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/little-love-for-michigan-left/article_d0dc7114-c46d-5f52-9d65-90723c50de19.html |work = [[Arizona Daily Star]] |date = October 14, 2013 |access-date = March 3, 2014 }}</ref>

[[Indianapolis, Indiana]], introduced the Michigan Left in 2013 at the intersection of 96th Street, and Allisonville Road (near the surrounding cities of [[Fishers, Indiana]]). The city has announced plans to tear out the Michigan Left due to its unpopularity amongst the locals. <ref>{{cite web |title = Fishers does U-turn on Michigan Left |url = https://www.indystar.com/story/news/local/hamilton-county/2022/02/23/fishers-indiana-traffic-does-u-turn-michigan-left-replace-roundabout-96th-street-allisonville-road/6850112001/ |work = [[Indy Star]] |date = February 22, 2022 | access-date = May 15, 2023 }}</ref>

In November 2018, the [[Ada County Highway District]] completed work on a ThrU-turn intersection at the State Street/Veterans Memorial Parkway/36th Street intersection in [[Boise, Idaho]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.achdidaho.org/Projects/proj_intersection_state-streetveterans-memorial-parkway36th-street-intersection.aspx |title = State Street/Veterans Memorial Parkway/36th Street Intersection |publisher = [[Ada County Highway District]] |access-date = March 11, 2019 }}</ref>

The design is relatively common in [[New Orleans, Louisiana]], and its suburb [[Metairie, Louisiana|Metairie]], where city boulevards may be split by [[streetcar]] tracks,<ref>{{google maps |url = https://maps.google.com/maps?q=Carrollton,+New+Orleans,+LA&hl=en&ll=29.955901,-90.120418&spn=0.002471,0.002205&sll=39.739318,-89.266507&sspn=12.697424,18.061523&oq=Carrolton+New+Orlenas&hnear=Uptown%2FCarrollton,+New+Orleans,+Orleans,+Louisiana&t=h&z=19 |title = S Claiborne Ave and S Carrollton Ave, New Orleans |access-date = May 17, 2013}}</ref> and suburban thoroughfares are often split by drainage canals.<ref>{{google maps |url = https://maps.google.com/maps?q=2401+Cleary+Ave,+Metairie,+LA+to+3800+W+Napoleon+Ave,+Metairie,+LA&saddr=2401+Cleary+Ave,+Metairie,+LA&daddr=3800+W+Napoleon+Ave,+Metairie,+LA&hl=en&ll=29.994465,-90.170575&spn=0.006532,0.011362&sll=29.996911,-90.171522&sspn=0.003266,0.005681&geocode=FSa0yQEdOReg-imv7g9tarAghjFEnpOMK3TZbQ%3BFYynyQEddCWg-ilNhyM1a7AghjF3LjLlz0QwPw&t=v&z=17 |title = W Metairie Avenue and Cleary Avenue, Metairie |access-date = February 1, 2013 |link = no }}</ref> Some intersections using this design are signed similarly to those in Michigan, but with more descriptive text;<ref>{{google maps |SV = yes |link = no |url = https://maps.google.com/maps?q=w+metairie+at+cleary&hl=en&ll=29.980978,-90.170153&spn=124.282974,186.152344&sll=29.981112,-90.170167&sspn=167.479936,12.304688&t=w&hnear=W+Metairie+Ave+%26+Cleary+Ave,+Metairie,+Jefferson,+Louisiana+70001&z=3&layer=c&panoid=jlxUuk60MjD5Mdqi3DuIFQ&cbll=29.980978,-90.170153&cbp=13,-337.62599810014143,,2,2.578310078088748 |title = W Metairie Avenue near Cleary Avenue, Metairie |date = February 2022 |access-date = March 11, 2023 }}</ref> however, in some cases the only signage is "No Left Turn" and drivers are left to figure it out for themselves.<ref>{{google maps |SV = yes |link = no |url = https://maps.google.com/maps?q=new+orleans&hl=en&ll=29.955846,-90.120396&spn=0.002471,0.002205&sll=39.739318,-89.266507&sspn=12.697424,18.061523&t=h&hnear=New+Orleans,+Orleans,+Louisiana&z=19&layer=c&cbll=29.955765,-90.120477&panoid=sM2HQMZS1otSwvEib620Hg&cbp=12,38.47,,1,11.44 |title = Northbound on S Carrollton Ave at S Claiborne Ave, New Orleans |date = January 2021 |access-date = March 11, 2023 }}</ref>

Since the redevelopment of the intersection between [[Maryland Route 193|University Boulevard (MD&nbsp;193)]] and [[U.S. Route 29 in Maryland|Colesville Road (US&nbsp;29)]] in [[Silver Spring, Maryland]], a Michigan left has been used to increase efficiency of traffic through an otherwise underdeveloped and congested intersection. Due to its proximity to the [[Interstate 495 (Capital Beltway)|Capital Beltway]], heavy traffic is handled more safely and efficiently.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}

The [[Michigan Department of Transportation]] first used the modern design at the intersection of [[8 Mile Road]] ([[M-102 (Michigan highway)|M-102]]) and Livernois Avenue<ref>{{cite news |url = http://michiganradio.org/post/revisiting-origin-michigan-left |title = Revisiting the Origin of the 'Michigan Left' |date = September 15, 2014 |publisher = Michigan Radio |access-date = November 26, 2017 }}</ref> ({{coord|42.4461|-83.141|dim:100|display=inline|name=M-102 (8 Mile Road) at Livernois Avenue}})<ref>{{google maps |url= https://www.google.com/maps?f=d&hl=en&geocode=9417278533163545110,42.446056,-83.143333%3B12947123426163699680,42.446277,-83.139300&time=&date=&ttype=&saddr=8+Mile+Rd+W+%4042.446056,+-83.143333&daddr=Gardendale+St+%4042.446277,+-83.139300+to:42.446974,-83.142117&mra=dme&mrcr=0&mrsp=2&sz=17&via=1&sll=42.446222,-83.141688&sspn=0.003974,0.008669&ie=UTF8&ll=42.445731,-83.142042&spn=0.003974,0.008669&t=h&z=17&om=1 |title= 8 Mile Road and Livernois Avenue}}</ref> in [[Detroit]] in the early 1960s. The increase in traffic flow and reduction in accidents was so dramatic (a 30–60% decrease<ref>{{cite news |first = Quinn |last = Klinefelter |date = October 5, 2015 |url = https://wdet.org/posts/2015/10/05/81693-curiosid-where-did-the-michigan-left-come-from/ |title = CuriosiD: Where Did the Michigan Left Come From? |location = Detroit |publisher = [[WDET-AM]] |access-date = November 25, 2017 }}</ref>) that over 700 similar intersections have been deployed throughout the state since then.<ref name=sweeney>{{cite news |first = Kate |last = Sweeney |url = http://www.northbrunswickmagazine.com/the-michigan-left-superstreet-heading-eastbound-a-midwestern-traffic-pattern-takes-a-detour-to-north-brunswick-county/ |title = The Michigan Left Superstreet: Heading Eastbound: A Midwestern traffic pattern takes a detour to North Brunswick County |work = North Brunswick Magazine |access-date = November 26, 2017 }}</ref> Michigan keeps building Michigan lefts where the opportunity presents itself, completing a rebuild of a dangerous stretch of highway ([[US 131]] in [[Three Rivers, Michigan|Three Rivers]] in 2021).<ref>{{cite press release |first  = Nick |last = Schirripa |date = March 17, 2020 |title =  Final Season of US&nbsp;131 Reconstruction in Three Rivers Starts Monday |url =  https://www.michigan.gov/som/0,4669,7-192-29907-521963--,00.html#:~:text=March%2017,%202020%20--%20The%20Michigan%20Department%20of,US-131%20through%20Three%20Rivers%20in%20St.%20Joseph%20County |publisher = Michigan Department of Transportation |access-date = October 21, 2021 }}</ref>

[[North Carolina]] has been implementing Michigan lefts along [[U.S. Route 17 in North Carolina|US 17]] in the southeastern part of the state, outside [[Wilmington, North Carolina|Wilmington]].<ref name=sweeney/> In 2015, a Michigan left was constructed at the intersection of Poplar Tent Road and Derita Road in the [[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]] suburb of [[Concord, North Carolina|Concord]].{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}

[[Columbus, Ohio]] introduced a Michigan left at the intersection of [[Ohio State Route 161|SR 161]] and Strawberry Farms Boulevard in 2012.

At least two Michigan lefts have existed in [[Texas]]. One was located at the intersection of Fondren Road and [[Bellaire Boulevard]] in [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] from the 1980s through 2007, when it was replaced with conventional left-turn lanes. Another was built in mid-2010 in [[Plano, Texas|Plano]] at the intersection of Preston Road and Legacy Drive.<ref>{{cite news |title = Officials Worry that 'Michigan Left Turn' at Plano Intersection Will Confuse Drivers |date = March 23, 2010 |first = Theodore |last = Kim |url = http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/transportation/stories/032210dnmetplanointersection.1d1c3fcce.html |newspaper = [[Dallas Morning News]] |access-date = December 20, 2010 }}</ref> In January 2014, the city announced plans to revert the turn to a traditional intersection as a result of drivers' confusion.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} A section of State Highway 71 east of Austin-Bergstrom International Airport at FM 973 in Austin, Texas did have a signalized Michigan U-turn that was constructed in 2014—this was a temporary fix until the SH71 tollway over SH130 (including the re-routing of FM973) was completed in early 2016.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} There are multiple Michigan left turns currently being used along US 281 north of Loop 1604 in San Antonio. These were adopted as a short-term solution for traffic issues as development expanded north, but will likely be phased out as US 281 is elevated.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

In 2024, Virginia instituted a Michigan turn at the intersection of Fredericksburg Rd. and US 29 in Greene County.

The city of [[Draper, Utah]], a suburb of [[Salt Lake City]], announced in 2011 that it would be building Utah's first "ThrU Turn" at the intersection of 12300 South and State Street, just off [[Interstate 15 in Utah|Interstate 15]] through Salt Lake County. Construction began in summer 2011 and was completed in fall 2011.<ref name=thruturn>{{cite web |author = Utah Department of Transportation |author-link = Utah Department of Transportation |url = http://www.udot.utah.gov/thruturn/index.php |title = Overview |work = Thru Turn Intersection |publisher = Utah Department of Transportation |access-date = September 24, 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120623172608/http://www.udot.utah.gov/thruturn/index.php |archive-date = June 23, 2012 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{ cite news | title = Newfangled Intersection to Open Monday in Draper | last = Davidson | first = Lee | url = http://www.sltrib.com/politics/52896856-90/5400-design-draper-intersection.html.csp | newspaper = [[The Salt Lake Tribune]] | date = November 11, 2011 | access-date = August 17, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite news | title = U-Turns Replace Left Turns at Draper intersection | url = http://www.abc4.com/content/news/slc/story/U-turns-replace-left-turns-at-Draper-intersection/f0QBeB3vL0C3Msn9GjNnXg.cspx | publisher = [[KTVX]] | date = November 14, 2011 | access-date = August 17, 2013 }}</ref> Other similar intersections were implemented in [[South Jordan, Utah|South Jordan]]<ref>{{cite news |title = 'Thru Turn' in Effect at Bangerter and 7800 South Intersection |url = http://www.westjordanjournal.com/pages/full_story/9851/ |newspaper = West Jordan Journal |access-date = June 11, 2012 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130209212603/http://www.westjordanjournal.com/pages/full_story/9851/ |archive-date = February 9, 2013 }}</ref> and [[Layton, Utah|Layton]].<ref>{{cite web |author = Utah Department of Transportation |title = Layton Improved UDOT Open House Presentation |url = http://www.udot.utah.gov/LaytonImproved/ |publisher = Utah Department of Transportation |access-date = March 3, 2014 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140701231914/http://www.udot.utah.gov/LaytonImproved/ |archive-date = July 1, 2014 }}</ref>