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Murray cod
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==Diet== The Murray cod is the apex aquatic predator in the rivers of the Murray-Darling basin,<ref name="FOA" /> and will eat almost anything smaller than itself, including finned fishes such as smaller Murray cod, [[golden perch]], [[Bidyanus bidyanus|silver perch]], [[bony bream]], [[eel-tailed catfish]], [[western carp gudgeon]], and [[Australian smelt]] and introduced fish such as [[carp]], [[goldfish]], and [[European perch|redfin (English perch)]], as well as [[crustacean]]s such as [[common yabby|yabbies]], [[Atyidae|freshwater shrimp]], and [[Murray crayfish]]. Fish are eaten when abundant by mature Murray cod in lowland river and impoundment habitats<ref name=Ebner2006>, but crustaceans (shrimp, yabbies, crayfish) are likely the preferred diet under 'natural' river conditions, and mussels were an important food source, at least in the past. {{cite journal | last = Ebner | first = B. | title = Murray cod an apex predator in the Murray River, Australia | journal = Ecology of Freshwater Fish | volume = 15 | pages = 510β520 | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0633.2006.00191.x | issue = 4 | bibcode = 2006EcoFF..15..510E }} </ref> but crustaceans tend to dominate the diet under natural conditions, and freshwater mussels were commonly eaten in the past.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Murray cod have also been known to eat [[duck]]s, [[cormorant]]s, [[Chelidae|freshwater turtle]]s, [[Physignathus lesueurii|water dragon]]s, [[snake]]s, [[mice]], and [[frog]]s. The observations of the recreational fishermen fishing for Murray cod with surface lures at night reveal that the popular description of Murray cod as a [[Demersal zone|demersal]] [[ambush predator]] is only partially correct. While this behaviour is typical during the day, at night, Murray cod are active [[Pelagic zone|pelagic]] predators, venturing into shallow waters and frequently taking prey from the surface.<ref name=schultz2006> {{Cite web |last=Schultz |first=N. |title=Flyrodding Murray cod by Neil Schultz |date=2006 |publisher=Fishnet |url=http://www.fishnet.com.au/default.aspx?id=234&articleId=4192 |access-date=2007-10-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070924123128/http://www.fishnet.com.au/default.aspx?id=234 |archive-date=2007-09-24 }} </ref>
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