Editing Nasal concha (section)

===Surgery===

{{Main|Turbinectomy}}
[[Turbinate reduction surgery|Turbinate reduction]] is a surgery to reduce the size of the turbinates (typically [[inferior turbinates]]). There are different techniques, including bipolar [[radiofrequency ablation]] (also known as [[somnoplasty]]), [[electrocautery]], and use of cold steel instruments (e.g. microdebrider).

In the case of turbinate reduction, only small amounts of turbinate tissue are removed because the turbinates are essential for respiration. Turbinectomy is usually reserved for patients who have persistent symptoms despite previous turbinate reduction surgery. Risks of reduction of the inferior or middle turbinates include [[empty nose syndrome]].<ref name="SIC" /> As Steven M. Houser suggested, "this is especially true in cases of anterior inferior turbinate (IT) resection because of its important role in the internal nasal valve."<ref name="ReferenceA">Houser SM. Surgical Treatment for Empty Nose Syndrome. Archives of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery\ Vol 133 (No.9) Sep' 2007: 858–863.</ref>

[[Concha bullosa]] is an abnormal pneumatization of the middle turbinate, which may interfere with normal ventilation of the [[sinus ostium|sinus ostia]] and can result in recurrent [[sinusitis]]. In some cases, the concha bullosa may be resected to help resolve persistent symptoms.