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Nitrogen cycle
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=== Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium === {{Main|Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium}} Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), or nitrate/nitrite ammonification, is an [[anaerobic respiration]] process. Microbes which undertake DNRA oxidise organic matter and use nitrate as an electron acceptor, reducing it to [[nitrite]], then [[ammonium]] ({{chem2|NO3- -> NO2- -> NH4+}}).<ref name="Lam 2011" /> Both denitrifying and nitrate ammonification bacteria will be competing for nitrate in the environment, although DNRA acts to conserve bioavailable nitrogen as soluble ammonium rather than producing dinitrogen gas.<ref name="Marchant 2014" />
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