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Nynetjer
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===Events=== [[File:Ninetjer-Palermo.png|thumb|center|780px|Year events 7–21 from the reign of Nynetjer (Palermo Stone, recto. To read from right to left)]] <br/> Most of the information known about Nynetjer's reign are found on the main fragments of the Annal Stone of the [[Fifth Dynasty of Egypt|5th dynasty]]. The Palermo Stone lists<ref name=SiSo>after Siegfried Schott: ''Altägyptische Festdaten'', Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, Mainz/Wiesbaden 1950, page 59–67. See also: [http://xoomer.virgilio.it/francescoraf/hesyra/ninetjer.htm Francesco Raffaele: Ninetjer (nswt-bity Nynetjer)]</ref> the following events: * '''7th year:''' Following of [[Horus]]...(rest is missing) * '''8th year:''' Appearance of the king; "stretching the cords" (a ceremony for a foundation<ref name=SiSo/>) for "Hor-Ren". Flood level: 1.57 metres. * '''9th year:''' Following of Horus. Flood level: 1.09 metres * '''10th year:''' Appearance of the king of Lower- and Upper Egypt; "[[Running|Race]] of the Apis bull" (''pḥrr Ḥp''). Flood level: 1.09 metres. * '''11th year:''' Following of Horus. Flood level: 1.98 metres. * '''12th year:''' Appearance of the king of Lower Egypt; second celebration of the [[Sokar]] feast. Flood level: 1.92 metres. * '''13th year:''' Following of Horus. Flood level: 0.52 metres. * '''14th year:''' First celebration of "Hor-seba-pet" (''Horus the star in heaven''); Destruction / Foundation of "Shem-Re" and "Ha" (''The northern city''<ref name=SiSo/>). The reading of this text passage is the subject of much discussion, since the hieroglyphic sign of a hoe as used here can mean either 'Destruction' or 'Foundation'.{{sfn|Kahl|2007|p=56}}<ref name=SiSo/> Flood level: 2.15 metres. * '''15th year:''' Following of Horus. Flood level: 2.15 metres. * '''16th year:''' Appearance of the king of Lower Egypt; second "Race of the Apis bull" (''pḥrr Ḥp''). Flood level: 1.92 metres. * '''17th year:''' Following of Horus. Flood level: 2.40 metres. * '''18th year:''' Appearance of the king of Lower Egypt; third celebration of the Sokar feast. Flood level: 2.21 metres. * '''19th year:''' Following of Horus. Flood level: 2.25 metres. * '''20th year:''' Appearance of the king of Lower Egypt; offering for the king's mother; celebrating of the "Feast of eternity" (a burial ceremony<ref name=SiSo/>) Flood level 1.92 metres. * '''21st year:''' Following of Horus...(rest is missing). The Cairo Stone gives the years 36–44. The surface of the stone slab is damaged. Therefore, most of the events are illegible, except for the "birth" (creation) of an Anubis fetish and parts of a "Appearance of the king of Lower- and Upper Egypt".<ref name=SiSo/> The ancient Egyptian historian Manetho, over 2000 years later, called Nynetjer ''Binôthrís'' and said that during this ruler's reign ''"women received the right to gain royal dignity"'', meaning that women were allowed to reign like a king. Egyptologists such as [[Walter Bryan Emery]] assume that this reference was an obituary to the queens [[Meritneith]] and [[Neithhotep]] from the early [[First Dynasty of Egypt|1st dynasty]], both of whom are believed to have held the Egyptian throne for several years because their sons were too young to rule.<ref>Walter Bryan Emery: Ägypten - Geschichte und Kultur der Frühzeit. Fourier-Verlag Wiesbaden 1964, {{ISBN|3-921695-39-2}}, page 104 & 175.</ref>
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