Editing Poison dart frog (section)

=== Aposematism ===
Skin toxicity evolved alongside bright coloration,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Summers |first1=K. |last2=Clough |first2=M. |year=2000 |title=The evolution of coloration and toxicity in the poison frog family (Dendrobatidae) |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=98 |issue=11 |pages=6227–6232 |doi=10.1073/pnas.101134898 |pmc=33450 |pmid=11353830 |doi-access=free}}</ref> perhaps preceding it.<ref name="SantosEtAl03" /> Toxicity may have relied on a shift in diet to alkaloid-rich arthropods,<ref name="Darst et al. 2005" /> which likely occurred at least four times among the dendrobatids.<ref name="Darst et al. 2005" /> Either [[aposematism]] and aerobic capacity preceded greater resource gathering, making it easier for frogs to go out and gather the ants and mites required for diet specialization, contrary to classical aposematic theory, which assumes that toxicity from diet arises before signaling. Alternatively, diet specialization preceded higher aerobic capacity, and aposematism evolved to allow dendrobatids to gather resources without predation.<ref name="j2" /> Prey mobility could also explain the initial development of aposematic signaling. If prey have characteristics that make them more exposed to predators, such as when some dendrobatids shifted from nocturnal to diurnal behavior, then they have more reason to develop aposematism.<ref name="SantosEtAl03">{{cite journal |last=Santos |first=J. C. |author2=L. A. Coloma |author3=D. C. Cannatella |title=Multiple, recurring origins of aposematism and diet specialization in poison frogs |journal=[[PNAS]] |year=2003 |volume=100 |issue=22 |pages=12792–12797 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2133521100 |pmid=14555763 |pmc=240697|doi-access=free }}</ref> After the switch, the frogs had greater ecological opportunities, causing dietary specialization to arise. Thus, aposematism is not merely a signaling system, but a way for organisms to gain greater access to resources and increase their reproductive success.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Summers |first=K. |title=Convergent evolution of bright coloration and toxicity in frogs |journal=[[PNAS]] |year=2003 |volume=100 |issue=22 |pages=12533–12534 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2335928100 |pmid=14569014 |pmc=240648|bibcode=2003PNAS..10012533S |doi-access=free }}</ref>