Editing Puppet ruler (section)

===Late modern period===
* Rulers of the [[Princely state|princely states of India]] under paramountcy of the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] and later the [[British Raj]] 
*[[Sultan Hussein Shah|Hussein Shah of Johor]] – proclaimed [[Sultan of Johor]] by the [[British Empire]] during the [[Johor Sultanate#Singapore and the British|succession crisis]] of the [[Johor Sultanate]].
*[[Mubarak Al-Sabah|Mubarak al-Sabah]] – signed an agreement with the [[British Empire]] to make the [[Sheikhdom of Kuwait]] a [[British protectorate]] 
*[[Pedro V of Kongo]] – ruled the [[Kingdom of Kongo]] (modern-day [[Angola]], [[Gabon]], the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], and the [[Republic of the Congo]]) as a client king for the [[Portuguese Empire]] 
*[[Gungunhana]] – Portuguese client ruler of the [[Gaza Empire]], exiled after unsuccessful rebellion against Portuguese rule. 
*[[Osman Mahamuud]] – client king of the [[Majeerteen Sultanate]] (modern-day [[Puntland]]) for the [[Italian Empire]]
*[[Muhammad Rahim Bahadur II]] and [[Isfandiyar Jurji Bahadur]] – [[Russian Empire|Russian]] client rulers of the [[Khanate of Khiva]] 
*[[Guangxu Emperor]] of [[Great Qing]] – dominated by [[Empress Dowager Cixi]]
*[[Gojong of Korea|Emperor Gojong]] and [[Sunjong of Korea|Sunjong]] of [[Korean Empire|Korea]] – ruled as puppets of the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese Empire]] after the [[Russo-Japanese War]]
*[[Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta|Aimone of Savoy]], King of [[Independent State of Croatia|Croatia]] – appointed by [[Fascist Italy (1922–1943)|Fascist Italy]] after the [[Invasion of Yugoslavia|Axis invasion of Yugoslavia]] as figurehead for [[Ante Pavelić]]'s [[Ustaše]] regime
* [[Aisin-Gioro Puyi]], [[Emperor of Manchukuo]] – former [[Emperor of China]] appointed to lead [[Empire of Japan|Japan]]'s puppet state of [[Manchukuo]]<ref>Pu Yi 1988, p 281</ref><ref>Pu Yi 1988, p 298</ref>
* [[Bảo Đại]], [[Emperor of Vietnam]] – emperor of the French protectorate of [[Annam (French protectorate)|Annam]] and [[Empire of Vietnam|Japanese-occupied Vietnam]], later chief of state of the [[State of Vietnam]]
*[[Sisavang Vong]], King of [[Kingdom of Luang Phrabang|Luang Phrabang]] – client king of the [[French protectorate of Laos]]
*[[Tashi Namgyal]] and [[Palden Thondup Namgyal]] – ruled [[Kingdom of Sikkim|Sikkim]] as protectorate of [[India]] after 1950. 
*[[Sisowath Monivong]], of [[Cambodia]] – king of the [[French protectorate of Cambodia]]
*[[José Gil Fortoul]], [[Victorino Márquez Bustillos]] and [[Juan Bautista Pérez]] – Three presidents of early 20th century Venezuela were widely considered puppet rulers under [[Juan Vicente Gómez]]'s ''de facto'' rule.<ref>{{Citation |last=Ewell |first=Judith |title=Venezuela since 1930 |date=1991 |work=The Cambridge History of Latin America: Volume 8: Latin America since 1930: Spanish South America |volume=8 |pages=727–790 |editor-last=Bethell |editor-first=Leslie |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-history-of-latin-america/venezuela-since-1930/67358EE96B41D9103DF2F9D5D60FEEEC |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/chol9780521266529.014 |isbn=978-0-521-26652-9|url-access=subscription }}</ref>