Editing Pursuit of Nazi collaborators (section)

=== Czechoslovakia ===
Actions against Nazi collaborators in Czechoslovakia, real or alleged, had two significant forms, by judiciary or by mob action. Immediately after the liberation of Czechoslovakia by [[Red Army|Soviet]] and American armies, in an atmosphere of chaos, wild chases began. Individual acts of revenge, mob violence, and simply criminal acts motivated by the possibility to rob or loot targets, occurred. In some places were conducted, by organised groups of self-styled [[Partisan (military)|partisan]]s, violence which resembled what is today known as [[ethnic cleansing]]. In most places this stopped when the provisional Czech government and local authorities took power. Other forms included legal action, undertaken by the state administration, after the war, until the regular Czech parliament was established. [[Edvard Beneš|President Beneš]] ruled by issuing [[Talk:Beneš decrees|decrees]], which were later ratified by parliament.

By decree ''5/1945'', property of untrustworthy persons was put under national administration. Untrustworthy were considered German and Hungarian nationals, and people who were active in destruction of the Czechoslovak state and its democratic government, supported Nazi occupation by any means, or were members of organisations considered fascist or collaborator. By the same decree, property of people of German and Hungarian nationality, who could prove they were anti-Nazi, could be returned to them.

By decree ''12/1945 Sb.'', farm property of German and Hungarian nationals or citizens was confiscated, unless they could prove active resistance against Nazism. Property of ''traitors, and enemies of the republic'' was confiscated, regardless of nationality or citizenship. By decree ''16/1945 Sb.'', special tribunals were started. These people's courts had right to sentence to long term imprisonment, life sentence or death. Prosecutions varied from verbal support to those who had committed crimes against humanity, no prosecution was based on ethnicity. By ''33/1945 Sb.'' people of German and Hungarian nationality or ethnicity lost their Czechoslovak citizenship. However, they had right to apply for renewal.

Most problematic was the law ''115/1946'', concerning resistance to the Nazi regime, which shifted limit of immunity to the year 1946, effectively amnestying all crimes, acts of individual revenge and atrocities against Germans and Hungarians long after the war.

People who lost Czechoslovak citizenship and failed to apply or did not get it were [[population transfer|transferred]] to Germany, many through the [[transfer camp]] established at [[Terezín]], near the [[Theresienstadt concentration camp]].