Editing Quezon City (section)

===The Marcos administration===
The turn of the decade from the 1960s to the 1970s brought an era of change and tumult throughout the Philippines, with many of the historically significant events of the era taking place in or involving people and groups from Quezon City.

[[File:FvfBantayog0151 09.JPG|thumb|The [[Bantayog ng mga Bayani]] was dedicated in honor of all the people that struggled during the Marcos regime.|left]]
==== Before Martial Law ====
When [[Ferdinand Marcos]]' economic policy of using foreign loans to fund government projects during his second term resulted in the [[1969 balance of payments crisis]],<ref name=Balbosas1992>{{Cite journal |last=Balbosa |first=Joven Zamoras |date=1992 |title=IMF Stabilization Program and Economic Growth: The Case of the Philippines |journal=Journal of Philippine Development |volume=XIX |issue=35 |url=https://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/pjd/pidsjpd92-2imf.pdf |access-date=January 15, 2024 |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921141056/https://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/pjd/pidsjpd92-2imf.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Cororaton1997">{{Cite journal |last=Cororaton |first=Cesar B. |title=Exchange Rate Movements in the Philippines |journal=DPIDS Discussion Paper Series 97-05 |pages=3, 19}}</ref><ref name="CamilleDiola">{{Cite news |url=https://newslab.philstar.com/31-years-of-amnesia/golden-era |title=Debt, deprivation and spoils of dictatorship {{!}} 31 years of amnesia |last=Diola |first=Camille |work=The Philippine Star |access-date=May 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170626200905/https://newslab.philstar.com/31-years-of-amnesia/golden-era |archive-date=June 26, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> students from Quezon City-based universities, notably the University of the Philippines Diliman and Ateneo de Manila University were among the first to call for change, ranging from moderate policy reforms to radical changes in form of government.<ref name="Passionate">Talitha Espiritu Passionate Revolutions: The Media and the Rise and Fall of the Marcos Regime Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2017.</ref><ref name="Daroy1988">{{Cite book |title=Dictatorship and revolution : roots of people's power |last=Daroy |first=Petronilo Bn. |date=1988 |publisher=Conspectus |isbn=978-9919108014 |editor-last=Javate -de Dios |editor-first=Aurora |edition= 1st |location=Metro Manila |chapter=On the Eve of Dictatorship and Revolution |oclc=19609244 |editor-last2=Daroy |editor-first2=Petronilo Bn. |editor-last3=Kalaw-Tirol |editor-first3=Lorna}}</ref>

Students from these Quezon City schools, representing a spectrum of positions, were thus at the front lines of the major protests of the first three months of 1970 – what would later be called the "[[First Quarter Storm]]." A year later in 1971, this was followed up by the [[Diliman Commune]], in which the students, faculty, and residents of [[University of the Philippines Diliman|UP Diliman]] initially planned to protest an impending oil price hike, but because of violent attempts to disperse them, also later demanded that Marcos' military pledge not to assault the campus in the future.<ref name="Daroy1988"/>

==== After the Martial Law proclamation ====
Marcos' declaration of [[Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos|martial law]] in September 1972 saw the immediate shutdown of all media not approved by Marcos, including Quezon City media outlets such as [[DZBB-TV|GMA Channel 7]] and [[DWWX-TV|ABS-CBN Channel 2]]. At the same time, it saw the arrest of many students, journalists, academics, and politicians who were considered political threats to Marcos, many of them residents of Quezon City. By the morning after Marcos' televised announcement of the proclamation, about 400 of these arrestees were gathered in [[Camp Crame]] on the southwestern reaches of Quezon City, destined to be among the first of thousands of [[political detainees under the Marcos dictatorship]].<ref name="Daroy1988"/>

Camp Crame would be the site of many of the [[human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship]], with one of the first being the murder of student journalist [[Liliosa Hilao]] in Camp Crame.<ref name=Inquirer04172017>{{cite web|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/718061/liliosa-hilao-first-martial-law-detainee-killed|title=Liliosa Hilao: First Martial Law detainee killed|first=Kate Pedroso, Marielle|last=Medina|date=September 2015}}</ref> Among the prominent cases of abuse suffered specifically by Quezon City residents were the cases of [[Primitivo Mijares]] and his sixteen-year-old son Boyet Mijares, who lived in Project 6 at the time of their deaths;<ref name="MijaresDisappearance">{{Cite news |last=Zamora |first=Fe |date=February 19, 2017 |title=Family secret: How Primitivo Mijares disappeared |language=en |work=INQUIRER.net |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/872907/family-secret-how-primitivo-mijares-disappeared |url-status=live |access-date=May 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711125110/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/872907/family-secret-how-primitivo-mijares-disappeared |archive-date=July 11, 2018}}</ref> [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cubao]] social worker [[Purificacion Pedro]] who was murdered by a soldier at her hospital room in Bataan;<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Story of Puri|publisher=Schoenstatt Editions USA|year=2022|isbn=9781594380921}}</ref> 23-year old Kamias resident and student activist Roland Jan Quimpo who became a desaparecido;<ref name="BantayogProfileRonaldJanQuimpo">{{Cite web |date=2023-06-26 |title=Martyrs & Heroes: Ronald Jan Quimpo |url=https://bantayogngmgabayani.org/bayani/ronald-jan-quimpo/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Bantayog ng mga Bayani |language=en-US}}</ref> and Cubao-based tailor Rolando "Lando" Federis who was abducted by armed men in Lucena City while accompanying a group of activists to Bicol, tortured, and then killed.<ref name="BantayogProfileRolandoFederis">{{Cite web |date=2023-06-03 |title=Martyrs & Heroes: Rolando Federis |url=https://bantayogngmgabayani.org/bayani/rolando-federis/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Bantayog ng mga Bayani |language=en-US}}</ref> In addition, a large number of student activists who were caught, detained, tortured, sexually abused, killed, and disappeared by the regime had been studying in the various universities and colleges in Quezon City.<ref name="Daroy1988"/>

One of the key moments that led to the eventual demise of the Marcos dictatorship was the [[1974 Sacred Heart Novitiate raid]], in which a Catholic seminary in [[Novaliches]] was raided on the suspicion that communist leaders were hiding there. The arrest of Fr. Benigno Mayo who was the head of the Jesuit order in the Philippines at the time, and Fr. Jose Blanco alongside 21 members of the youth group called Student Catholic Action (SCA), helped convince "[[Middle force opposition to the Marcos dictatorship|the formerly neutral Philippine middle class]]" that Marcos' powers had grown too great.<ref name="ThompsonStruggle">{{Cite book |last=Thompson |first=Mark R. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44741565 |title=The anti-Marcos struggle : personalistic rule and democratic transition in the Philippines |date=1996 |publisher=New Day |isbn=971-10-0992-7 |location=Quezon City, Philippines |oclc=44741565 |access-date=January 16, 2024 |archive-date=August 26, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240826165143/https://search.worldcat.org/title/44741565 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/773372348 |title=Socdem : Filipino social democracy in a time of turmoil and transition, 1965-1995 |date=2011 |publisher=Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung |isbn=978-971-535-033-4 |location=Pasig City, Metro Manila |oclc=773372348}}</ref>

As international pressure forced Marcos to start restoring civil rights, other key moments in Philippine history took place in Quezon City. Journalist [[Joe Burgos]] established the Quezon City-based [[WE Forum]] newspaper in 1977 and in it published a story by Colonel [[Bonifacio Gillego]] in November 1982 which discredited many of the [[Marcos medals]].<ref name="PamelaHollie19821208">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/12/08/world/manila-newspaper-closed-by-marcos.html |title=Manila Newspaper Closed by Marcos |last=Hollie |first=Pamela G. |date=1982-12-08 |work=The New York Times |access-date=2019-01-28 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=November 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103010046/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/12/08/world/manila-newspaper-closed-by-marcos.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Media coverage of the [[September 1984 Welcome Rotonda protest dispersal]] showed how opposition figures including 80-year-old former Senator [[Lorenzo Tañada]] and 71-year old Manila Times founder [[Chino Roces]] were waterhosed despite their frailty and how student leader [[Fidel Nemenzo]] (later Chancellor of the University of the Philippines Diliman) was shot nearly to death.

Most significantly, the August 1983 funeral of [[Assassination of Ninoy Aquino|assassinated]] opposition leader of [[Ninoy Aquino]] began at the Aquino family household in Times Street, West Triangle, Quezon City, and continued to the funeral mass at [[Santo Domingo Church]] in Santa Mesa Heights before the final interment at the [[Manila Memorial Park – Sucat]]. The procession took from 9:00 AM until 9:00 PM to finish as two million people joined the crowd. The experience galvanized many of the Philippines into resisting the dictatorship, with protests against Marcos snowballing until they happened nearly every week, and until Marcos was ousted by the [[People Power revolution]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/blogs/opinions/08/24/14/ninoy%E2%80%99s-funeral-was-day-filipinos-stopped-being-afraid-dictators|title=Ninoy's funeral was the day Filipinos stopped being afraid of dictators|first=Raissa|last=Robles|date=August 25, 2014|accessdate=May 31, 2021|website=ABS-CBN News|archive-date=June 2, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213143/https://news.abs-cbn.com/blogs/opinions/08/24/14/ninoy%E2%80%99s-funeral-was-day-filipinos-stopped-being-afraid-dictators|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==== Physical and administrative changes during the Marcos administration ====
In terms of administrative changes during this period, the region of Metro Manila was created as an integrated unit with the enactment of Presidential Decree No. 824 on November 7, 1975. The region encompassed four [[Cities of the Philippines|cities]] and thirteen adjoining [[Municipalities of the Philippines|towns]], as a separate regional unit of government.<ref name="GovPH-PD824">{{cite PH act|chamber=PD|number=824|url=http://www.lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1975/pd_824_1975.html|title=Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes|date=November 7, 1975|access-date=April 21, 2020|publisher=The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation, Inc.|archive-date=March 12, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312121648/http://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1975/pd_824_1975.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A year later, on June 24, 1976, Manila was reinstated by President Marcos as the capital of the Philippines for its historical significance as the seat of government since the Spanish Period. Presidential Decree No. 940 states that Manila has always been to the Filipino people and in the eyes of the world, the premier city of the Philippines being the center of trade, commerce, education and culture.<ref name="GovPH-PD940">{{cite PH act|chamber=PD|number=940, s. 1975|url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/05/29/presidential-decree-no-940-s-1976/|title=Establishing Manila as the Capital of the Philippines and as the Permanent Seat of the National Government|access-date=April 21, 2020|date=May 29, 1976|publisher=[[Official Gazette (Philippines)|Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines]]|archive-date=May 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525084430/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1976/05/29/presidential-decree-no-940-s-1976/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Concurrent with the reinstatement of Manila as the capital, Ferdinand Marcos designated his wife, [[Imelda Marcos]], as the first governor of Metro Manila, who started the construction of massive government edifices with architectural significance as she re-branded Manila as the "[[City of Man]]".<ref>Lico, Gerard. Edifice Complex: Power, Myth, and Marcos State Architecture. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2003.</ref>

On March 31, 1978, President Marcos ordered the transfer of the remains of President Quezon from [[Manila North Cemetery]] to the newly completed [[Quezon Memorial Shrine]].<ref name="GovPH-OfficialWeek">{{cite web |title=Official Week in Review: July 30 – August 5, 1979 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1979/08/06/official-week-in-review-july-30-august-5-1979/ |publisher=[[Official Gazette (Philippines)|Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines]] |access-date=April 21, 2020 |date=August 6, 1979 |archive-date=April 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421151704/http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1979/08/06/official-week-in-review-july-30-august-5-1979/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NHCPGovPH-Museo">{{cite web |title=Museo ni Manuel Quezon |url=http://nhcp.gov.ph/museums/quezon-memorial-shrine/ |website=National Historical Commission of the Philippines |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=October 7, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007034324/http://nhcp.gov.ph/museums/quezon-memorial-shrine/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> It now houses the mausoleum where President Quezon and his wife Aurora Aragon Quezon are interred. It also contains a museum dedicated to President Quezon and his life.