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Reflexive verb
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===Inherent=== "Inherent" or "pronominal" (''inherently'' or ''essentially'') reflexive verbs lack the corresponding non-reflexive from which they can be synchronically derived.<ref name=Parry/> In other words, the reflexive pronoun "is an inherent part of an [[Unaccusative verb|unergative]] reflexive or reciprocal verb with no meaning of its own, and an obligatory part of the verb's lexical entry":<ref>{{cite journal|title=Alternating unaccusative verbs in Slovene|first=Sabina|last=Grahek| journal=Leeds Working Papers in Linguistics|url=http://www.leeds.ac.uk/linguistics/WPL/WP2002/Grahek.pdf|pages=57–72|volume=9|year=2002 |access-date=July 3, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608223939/www.leeds.ac.uk/linguistics/WPL/WP2002/Grahek.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-08}}</ref> {|class="wikitable" |- !Language !colspan=4|Examples |- !Spanish |Pedro ''se arrepintió''. |Pedro ''se ríe''<ref group="N" name=b/> |María y Pedro ''se separaron''.<ref group="N" name=b>The verb is reflexive, but not inherently. Both have non-reflexive forms: the transitive ''separar'' and the intransitive ''reír''. In Lithuanian ''išsiskirti'' and ''skųstis'' have non-reflexive forms: transitive ''išskirti'' and transitive ''skųsti''.</ref> |Pedro ''se queja''. |- !French |{{lang|fr|Pierre ''s'est repenti''.|italic=unset}} |{{lang|fr|Pierre ''se marre''.|italic=unset}} (informal) |{{lang|fr|Marie et Pierre ''se sont séparés''.|italic=unset}} |{{lang|fr|Pierre ''se lamente''.|italic=unset}} |- !Italian |Pietro ''si pentì''. |<ref group ="N" name=d>The corresponding verb is not reflexive.</ref> |Maria e Pietro ''si separarono''.<ref group="N" name=b/> |Pietro ''si lamenta''.<ref group="N" name=c/> |- !Catalan |En Pere ''es va penedir''. |<ref group ="N" name=d>The corresponding verb is not reflexive.</ref> |La Maria i en Pere ''es van separar''.<ref group="N" name=b/> |En Pere ''es lamenta''. |- !Galician |Pedro ''arrepentiuse''. | | |Pedro ''laméntase''. |- !Serbo-Croatian |Petar ''se pokajao''. |Petar ''se smije''. |Marija i Petar su ''se rastali''. |Petar ''se žali''.<ref group="N" name=c/> |- !Slovene |Peter ''se kesa''. |Peter ''se smeji''. |Marija in Petar sta ''se razšla''. |Peter ''se pritožuje''.<ref group="N" name=c/> |- !Bulgarian |Петър ''се разкая.''<br>Petăr ''se razkaya.'' |Петър ''се смее.''<br>Petăr ''se smee.'' |Мария и Петър ''се разделиха''.<br>Mariya i Petăr ''se razdeliha''. |Петър ''се жалва''.<br>Petăr ''se žalva''. |- !Polish |Piotr ''się pokajał''. |Piotr ''się śmieje''. |Maria i Piotr ''się rozstali''. |Piotr ''żali się''.<ref group="N" name=c>Only the Spanish ''quejarse'' exists only in reflexive form (cf. the [[Latin language|Latin]] [[deponent verb]] ''queror'', I complain); however, in other languages, the corresponding non-reflexive verb has a different meaning, like "lament" or "mourn".</ref> |- !Russian |Пётр ''раскаялся''.<br>Pjotr ''raskajalsja''. |Пётр ''cмеётся''.<br>Pjotr ''smejotsja''. |Мария и Пётр ''расстались''.<br>Marija i Pjotr ''rasstalis'''. |Пётр ''жалуeтся''.<ref group="N" name=c/><br>Pjotr ''zhalujetsja''. |- !Lithuanian |Petras ''atsiprašė''. |Petras ''juokiasi''. |Marija ir Petras ''išsiskyrė''.<ref group="N" name=b/> |Petras ''skundžiasi''.<ref group="N" name=b/> |- !English |Peter ''repented''. |Peter ''laughs''. |Mary and Peter ''parted''. |Peter ''complains''. |} {{reflist|group=N}}
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