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Roraima
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=== Fauna and flora === [[File:Cavalos selvagens de Roraima.jpg|thumb|''Lavradeiros'' (feral horses) near [[Amajari]], Roraima. Northern Roraima [[feral horse]]s are among the last feral horse populations in the world.<ref name=":28">{{Cite web|title=Raça: Lavradeiro|url=https://www.equinocultura.com.br/2014/09/raca-lavradeiro.html|access-date=2021-06-25|language=pt-BR}}</ref>]] The diversity of [[landscape]]s and [[biome]]s in Roraima contributes to the formation of the fauna in Roraima.<ref name=":29">{{Cite web|last=Cavalcanti|first=Mozarildo|date=2011-05-20|title=História de Roraima|url=http://www.senado.gov.br/senadores/senador/Mozarild/informacoes_roraima.asp|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520014059/http://www.senado.gov.br/senadores/senador/Mozarild/informacoes_roraima.asp|archive-date=20 May 2011}}</ref> In the Roraiman [[Amazon rainforest]] region, animals such as ''[[jaguar]]s, [[tapir]]s, [[peccaries]], [[alligator]]s, [[margay cat]]s, [[otter]]s, [[deer]]s, [[monkey]]s'', and other species are found.<ref name=":29" /> In the general fields of the Branco River and the savannas, there are ''[[anteater]]s, [[armadillo]]s, [[tortoise]]s, [[pampas deer]], [[paca]]s, [[agouti]],'' several species of snakes and other species.<ref name=":29" /> Among many species, the [[wild horse]]s stand out, they are called ''[[Lavradeiro|cavalos lavradeiros]]'' (in English: savannah horses or steppe horses), one of the last populations of wild horses in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pesquisa investe na conservação do cavalo lavradeiro de Roraima|url=https://www.revistahorse.com.br/imprensa/pesquisa-investe-na-conservacao-do-cavalo-lavradeiro-de-roraima/20100225-114850-g934|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Revista Horse - Tudo sobre cavalo|language=portuguese|archive-date=29 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029174007/https://www.revistahorse.com.br/imprensa/pesquisa-investe-na-conservacao-do-cavalo-lavradeiro-de-roraima/20100225-114850-G934|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":28" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Genética do cavalo lavradeiro vai ser estudada no Brasil|url=https://www.dn.pt/ciencia/biosfera/genetica-do-cavalo-lavradeiro-vai-ser-estudada-no-brasil-1227172.html|access-date=2021-06-25|website=www.dn.pt|language=pt}}</ref> In the Branco River basin, where most fish species are found, the variety of species is large. Among the main fish are the ''[[pacu]], [[peacock bass]], [[surubi]], [[matrinxã]], [[redtail catfish]], [[tambaqui]], [[Pterophyllum|acará]], [[Pimelodus|mandi]], [[Auxis thazard|cachorra]], [[piranha]], [[traíra]], [[piraíba]], [[arowana]]'' and many other species.<ref name=":29" /> On the beaches of the lower Branco River, it is still possible to find species of [[turtle]]s, such as the ''[[yellow-spotted river turtle]]''. There are many species of birds in the state, from large to small ones. Among the large ones, the ''passarão'' (literally big bird) and the ''[[jabiru]]'' stand out. Among the small ones, ''[[Guan (bird)|guans]], [[heron]]s, [[crested caracara]]'' and others stand out.<ref name=":29" /> [[File:Parque Nacional do Viruá, Roraima (1).jpg|thumb|''Buritizeiros'' in Roraima.]] [[File:Savanas de Roraima.jpg|thumb|Lavrado region.]] In Roraima, the flora is divided into three regions: * Amazon rainforest ''(Floresta tropical amazônica)'': composed of dense and humid forest typical of the lower Branco River, extending through the southwest region.<ref name=":29" /> * General fields of the Branco River ''(Campos Gerais do Rio Branco)'': approximately {{cvt|44,000|km2}}, also known as the lavrado region. Lavrado is also known as the savannah. Formed by [[Poaceae|grass-plot]], but along the watercourses, called ''igarapés'', there are large [[Arecaceae|palm trees]] known as [[Mauritia flexuosa|''buritizeiros'']]. In the lavrado there are also, in great quantity, bushes, paricaranas and muricizeiros.<ref name=":29" /> * Mountainous region ''(Região Serrana)'': with typical mountainous vegetation, thinner trees and valleys rich in [[humus]] with good-quality grass for livestock.<ref name=":29" /> In any of the regions, there are three different types of vegetation cover taking into account the river banks. These are: * Mainland forests ''(Matas de terra firme)'': comprising forests located in lands never affected by river floods.<ref name=":29" /> * Floodplain forests ''(Matas de várzeas)'': these are the forests that cover the lands affected by the floods of rivers.<ref name=":29" /> * Riparian forests ''(Matas ciliares)'': these are preserved by law and are also flooded every year by river floods.<ref name=":29" />
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