Editing Scapula (section)

=== Borders ===
{{anchor|border}}{{anchor|Lateral border of scapula}}{{anchor|Superior border of scapula}}{{anchor|Axillary border of scapula}}{{anchor|Medial border of scapula}}

There are three borders of the scapula:
* The '''superior border''' is the shortest and thinnest; it is concave, and extends from the [[superior angle]] to the base of the [[coracoid process]]. It is referred to as the cranial border in animals.
::At its lateral part is a deep, semicircular notch, the [[scapular notch]], formed partly by the base of the [[coracoid process]]. This notch is converted into a [[foramen]] by the [[superior transverse scapular ligament]], and serves for the passage of the [[suprascapular nerve]]; sometimes the ligament is [[ossified]].
::The adjacent part of the superior border affords attachment to the [[omohyoideus]].

<gallery>
File:Superior border of left scapula01.png|[[#Costal (Front, Ventral, Anterior)|Costal surface of left scapula]]. Superior border shown in red.
File:Superior border of left scapula - animation01.gif|Left scapula. Superior border shown in red.
File:Superior border of scapula - animation02.gif|Animation.  Superior border shown in red.

</gallery>
* The '''axillary border''' (or "lateral border") is the thickest of the three. It begins above at the lower margin of the [[glenoid cavity]], and inclines obliquely downward and backward to the inferior angle. It is referred to as the caudal border in animals.
::It begins above at the lower margin of the [[glenoid cavity]], and inclines obliquely downward and backward to the [[inferior angle]].
::Immediately below the glenoid cavity is a rough impression, the [[infraglenoid tuberosity]], about {{convert|2.5|cm|0|abbr=on}}. in length, which gives origin to the long head of the [[triceps brachii]]; in front of this is a longitudinal groove, which extends as far as the lower third of this border, and affords origin to part of the [[subscapularis]].
::The inferior third is thin and sharp, and serves for the attachment of a few fibers of the [[teres major]] behind, and of the [[subscapularis]] in front.
<gallery>
File:Lateral border of left scapula01.png|[[#Dorsal (Back, Posterior)|Dorsal surface of left scapula]]. Lateral border shown in red.
File:Lateral border of left scapula - animation.gif|Left scapula. Lateral border shown in red.
File:Lateral border of scapula - animation.gif|Animation. Lateral border shown in red.

</gallery>
* The '''medial border''' (also called the vertebral border or medial margin) is the longest of the three borders, and extends from the superior angle to the inferior angle.<ref name="Shuenke 2010">{{Cite book|title = Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System|last = Shuenke|first = Michael|publisher = Everbest Printing Ltd.|year = 2010|isbn = 978-1-60406-286-1|location = New York}}</ref> In animals it is referred to as the '''dorsal border'''.

::Four muscles attach to the medial border. [[Serratus anterior]] has a long attachment on the anterior lip. Three muscles insert along the posterior lip, the [[levator scapulæ|levator scapulae]] (uppermost), [[Rhomboid minor muscle|rhomboid minor]] (middle), and to the [[rhomboideus major|rhomboid major]] (lower middle).<ref name="Shuenke 2010" />
<gallery>
 File:Medial boder of left scapula - animation.gif|Left scapula. Medial border shown in red.
 File:Medial boder of scapula - animation.gif|Animation. Medial border shown in red.
 File:Medial border of scapula01.png|Still image. Medial border shown in red.
 File:Levator scapulae.png|[[Levator scapulae muscle]] (red)
 File:Rhomboideus minor.png|[[Rhomboid minor muscle]] (red)
 File:Rhomboideus major.png|[[Rhomboid major muscle]] (red)
</gallery>