Editing Scourge (section)

===Use to enforce discipline in Christian monasteries===
Scourging was soon adopted as a sanction in the monastic discipline of the fifth and following centuries. Early in the fifth century it is mentioned by [[Palladius of Galatia]] in the {{lang|la|[[Historia Lausiaca]]}},<ref>
{{harvnb|Tierney|1909}} cites ''Historia Lausiaca'' vi</ref> and [[Socrates Scholasticus]]<ref>{{harvnb|Tierney|1909}} cites Socrates ''Hist. Eccl.'', IV, xxiii</ref> tells us that, instead of being excommunicated, offending young monks were scourged. (See the sixth-century rules of [[Caesarius of Arles|St. Cæsarius of Arles]] for nuns,<ref>{{harvnb|Tierney|1909}} cites ''[[Patrologia Latina]]'', LXVII, 1111</ref> and of [[St. Aurelian of Arles]].<ref>{{harvnb|Tierney|1909}} cites ''[[Patrologia Latina]]'', LXVIII, 392, 401-02</ref>) Thenceforth scourging is frequently mentioned in monastic rules and councils as an enforcer of discipline.<ref>{{harvnb|Tierney|1909}} cites [[Karl Josef von Hefele|Hefele]], "Concilieng.", II, 594, 656</ref>

Its use as a punishment was general in the seventh century in all monasteries of the severe [[Columban rule]].<ref>{{harvnb|Tierney|1909}} cites St. Columbanus, in "Regula Cœnobialis", c. x, in ''Patrologia Latina'', LXXX, 215 sqq; for later centuries of the early Middle Ages see [[Louis Thomassin]], ''Vetus ac nova ecclesiae disciplina'', II (3), 107; [[Du Cange]], "Glossar. med. et infim. latinit.", s. v. "Disciplina"; [[Gretser]], "De spontaneâ disciplinarum seu flagellorum cruce libri tres" (Ingolstadt, 1603); [[Franz Quirin von Kober]], "Die körperliche Züchtigung als kirchliches Strafmittel gegen Cleriker und Mönche" in Tüb. "Quartalschrift" (1875).</ref>