Editing Sensorineural hearing loss (section)

====Disease or disorder====
{{Prose|section|date=January 2018}}
* [[inflammation|Inflammatory]]
** Suppurative [[labyrinthitis]] or otitis interna (inflammation of the inner ear)
* [[Diabetes mellitus]] {{main|Diabetes mellitus and deafness}} A recent study{{As of?|date=March 2025}} found that hearing loss is twice as common in people with diabetes as it is in those who do not have the disease.{{Cn|date=March 2025}} Also, of the 86 million adults in the U.S. who have prediabetes, the rate of hearing loss is 30 percent higher than in those with normal blood glucose.{{Cn|date=March 2025}} It has not been established how diabetes is related to hearing loss. It is possible that the high blood glucose levels associated with diabetes cause damage to the small blood vessels in the inner ear, similar to the way in which diabetes can damage the eyes and the kidneys. Similar studies have shown a possible link between that hearing loss and neuropathy (nerve damage).
* [[Tumor]]
** Cerebellopontine angle tumour (junction of the [[pons]] and [[cerebellum]]) – the cerebellopontine angle is the exit site of both the [[facial nerve]](CN7) and the [[vestibulocochlear nerve]](CN8). Patients with these tumors often have signs and symptoms corresponding to compression of both nerves.
*** [[Acoustic neuroma]] (vestibular schwannoma) – benign neoplasm of [[Schwann cell]]s affecting the vestibulocochlear nerve
*** [[Meningioma]] – benign tumour of the [[pia mater|pia]] and [[arachnoid mater]]
* [[Ménière's disease]] – causes sensorineural hearing loss in the low frequency range (125&nbsp;Hz to 1000&nbsp;Hz). Ménière's disease is characterized by sudden attacks of vertigo, lasting minutes to hours preceded by [[tinnitus]], aural fullness, and fluctuating hearing loss. It is relatively rare and commonly over diagnosed.
* Bacterial [[meningitis]] e.g. pneumococcal, meningococcal, haemophilus influenzae may damage the [[cochlea]] – hearing loss is one of the most common after-effects of bacterial meningitis. It has been estimated that 30% of bacterial meningitis cases result in mild to profound hearing loss. Children are most at risk: seventy percent of all bacterial meningitis occurs in young children under the age of five.
* Viral
** [[AIDS]] and [[AIDS-related complex|ARC]] patients frequently experience auditory system anomalies.
** [[Mumps]](epidemic parotitis) may result in profound sensorineural hearing loss (90 [[Decibel|dB]] or more), unilaterally (one ear) or bilaterally (both ears).
** [[Measles]] may result in [[Vestibulocochlear nerve|auditory nerve]] damage but more commonly gives a mixed (sensorineural plus conductive) hearing loss, and can be bilaterally.
** [[Ramsay Hunt syndrome type II]] (herpes zoster oticus)
* Bacterial
** [[Syphilis]] is commonly transmitted from pregnant women to their fetuses, and about a third of the infected children will eventually become deaf.