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Spanish-based creole languages
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===Papiamento=== '''[[Papiamento]]''' is spoken in the [[Dutch Caribbean]]. It is a [[Portuguese-based creole languages|Portuguese-based creole]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jacobs|first=Bart|date=2009-11-09|title=The Upper Guinea origins of Papiamentu: Linguistic and historical evidence|url=https://www.academia.edu/621021|journal=Diachronica|language=en|volume=26|issue=3|pages=319–379|doi=10.1075/dia.26.3.02jac|issn=0176-4225}}</ref> with a large influence from [[Spanish language|Spanish]], some influence from [[Dutch language|Dutch]] and a little from [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous American languages]], [[English language|English]] and African languages. Spoken in [[Aruba]], [[Bonaire]], [[Curaçao]], by 341,300 people in 2019.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191023172701/https://www.ethnologue.com/language/pap www.ethnologue.com]</ref> It was made the official language, alongside Dutch and English, in 2007.<ref name=Romero/> Today, the [[Venezuelan Spanish]] influence is very strong, especially on the Aruban dialect, but, due to the [[Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish|similarities between the Iberian Romance languages]], it is difficult to ascertain whether a certain feature is derived from Portuguese or from Spanish.<ref name=Romero>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/05/world/americas/05curacao.html|title=Willemstad Journal: A Language Thrives in Its Caribbean Home|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=Simon|last=Romero|date=2010-07-05}}</ref>
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