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Stream function
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=== Effect of shift in position of reference point === Consider a shift in the position of the reference point, say from <math>A</math> to <math>A'</math>. Let <math>\psi '</math> denote the stream function relative to the shifted reference point <math>A'</math>: :<math> \psi '(x,y,t) = \int_{A '}^P \left( u\, \mathrm{d} y - v\, \mathrm{d} x \right). </math> Then the stream function is shifted by :<math>\begin{align} \Delta \psi ( t ) &= \psi '(x,y,t) - \psi (x,y,t) \\ &= \int_{A '}^A \left( u\, \mathrm{d} y - v\, \mathrm{d} x \right), \end{align} </math> which implies the following: * A shift in the position of the reference point effectively adds a constant (for steady flow) or a function solely of time (for nonsteady flow) to the stream function <math>\psi</math> at every point <math>P</math>. * The shift in the stream function, <math>\Delta \psi</math>, is equal to the total volumetric flux, per unit thickness, through the continuous surface that extends from point <math>A'</math> to point <math>A</math>. Consequently <math>\Delta \psi = 0</math> if and only if <math>A</math> and <math>A'</math> lie on the same streamline.
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