Editing Swisstopo (section)

=== Early work and Dufourkarten ===
In 1809, the first topographical surveys of [[Switzerland]] took place on a [[confederation|confederate]], military level. They took place in the north-eastern area and were led by [[Hans Conrad Finsler]]. Measurements in the alpine region started in 1825 with triangulations by [[Antoine-Joseph Buchwalder]]. This work would be finished in 1837 by [[Johannes Eschmann]]. At New Year 1838, the Topographical Bureau (''Eidgenössisches Topographisches Bureau'') was founded in [[Carouge]], [[Geneve (canton)|Geneve]] by [[Guillaume Henri Dufour]]. This bureau published its first map the same year, the ''Carte topographique du Canton de Genève''. Topographic surveys also started in the alpine regions of Switzerland. These had their first results in 1845, a year later than planned, when a map scaled 1:100.000 was published. This was the start of what are termed ''Dufourkarten'' (''Dufour's Maps''). The topographic survey finished in 1862. To honour [[Guillaume Henri Dufour|Dufour]], the Swiss government decided to rename the highest peak on the ''Dufourkarten'' from ''Höchste Spitze'' to [[Dufourspitze]]: it still carries that name today. In 1863, the [[Schweizerische Alpenclub|SAC]] published a 1:50.000 map of the region [[Tödi]], based on unpublished survey material. A year later, the last map of the ''Dufourkarten'' was published, and the following year, Dufour retired and [[Hermann Siegfried]] became Chief of the Topographical Bureau.