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Terminator (genetics)
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===Non-mRNAs=== The several RNA polymerases in eukaryotes each have their own means of termination. [[RNA polymerase I|Pol I]] is stopped by [[TTF1]] (yeast Nsi1), which recognizes a downstream DNA sequence; the endonuclease is [[XRN2]] (yeast Rat1). Pol III is able to terminate transcription on a stretch of As on the template strand.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arimbasseri |first1=AG |last2=Rijal |first2=K |last3=Maraia |first3=RJ |title=Transcription termination by the eukaryotic RNA polymerase III. |journal=Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms |date=March 2013 |volume=1829 |issue=3β4 |pages=318β30 |doi=10.1016/j.bbagrm.2012.10.006 |pmid=23099421 |pmc=3568203}}</ref> Finally, Pol II also have poly(A)-independent modes of termination, which is required when it transcribes snRNA and snoRNA genes. In yeast, the protein ''[[SCAF4|Nrd1]]'' is responsible,<ref name="Roso05"/> along with ''Nab3'' (multiple human homologs including [[HNRNPC]] and [[RALY]])<ref>{{cite web |title=NAB3 {{!}} SGD |url=https://www.yeastgenome.org/locus/S000006111 |website=www.yeastgenome.org}}</ref> and ''[[SETX|Sen1]]'', collectively making up the "NNS" pathway.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xiong |first1=Ying |last2=Han |first2=Weijing |last3=Xu |first3=Chunhua |last4=Shi |first4=Jing |last5=Wang |first5=Lisha |last6=Jin |first6=Taoli |last7=Jia |first7=Qi |last8=Lu |first8=Ying |last9=Hu |first9=Shuxin |last10=Dou |first10=Shuo-Xing |last11=Lin |first11=Wei |last12=Strick |first12=Terence R. |last13=Wang |first13=Shuang |last14=Li |first14=Ming |title=Single-molecule reconstruction of eukaryotic factor-dependent transcription termination |journal=Nature Communications |date=15 June 2024 |volume=15 |issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s41467-024-49527-z|pmc=11180205 }}</ref> Some human mechanism, possibly [[PCF11]], seems to cause premature termination when pol II transcribes HIV genes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gilmour |first1=David S. |last2=Fan |first2=Ruopeng |title=Derailing the Locomotive: Transcription Termination |journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry |date=January 2008 |volume=283 |issue=2 |pages=661β664 |doi=10.1074/jbc.R700032200|doi-access=free|pmid=17998201 }}</ref>
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