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Transdifferentiation
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===Pharmacological agents=== The DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-azacytidine is also known to promote phenotypic transdifferentiation of cardiac cells to skeletal myoblasts.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=kaur|first1=keerat|last2=yang|first2=jinpu|last3=eisenberg|first3=carol|last4=eisenberg|first4=leonard|title=5-azacytidine promotes the transdifferentiation of cardiac cells to skeletal myocytes.|journal=Cellular Reprogramming|date=2014|volume=16|issue=5|pmid=25090621|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264462290|doi=10.1089/cell.2014.0021|pages=324β330}}</ref> In [[prostate cancer]], treatment with [[androgen receptor]] targeted therapies induces neuroendocrine transdifferentiation in a subset of patients.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Usmani |first1=S |last2=Orevi |first2=M |last3=Stefanelli |first3=A |last4=Zaniboni |first4=A |last5=Gofrit |first5=ON |last6=BnΓ |first6=C |last7=Illuminati |first7=S |last8=Lojacono |first8=G |last9=Noventa |first9=S |last10=Savelli |first10=G |title=Neuroendocrine differentiation in castration resistant prostate cancer. Nuclear medicine radiopharmaceuticals and imaging techniques: A narrative review. |journal=Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology |date=June 2019 |volume=138 |pages=29β37 |doi=10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.03.005 |pmid=31092382|s2cid=131934021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Davies |first1=AH |last2=Beltran |first2=H |author3=[[Amina Zoubeidi]]|title=Cellular plasticity and the neuroendocrine phenotype in prostate cancer. |journal=Nature Reviews. Urology |date=May 2018 |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=271β286 |doi=10.1038/nrurol.2018.22 |pmid=29460922|s2cid=4732323 }}</ref> No standard of care exists for these patients, and those diagnosed with treatment induced neuroendocrine carcinoma are typically treated palliatively.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Aggarwal |first1=R |last2=Zhang |first2=T |last3=Small |first3=EJ |last4=Armstrong |first4=AJ |title=Neuroendocrine prostate cancer: subtypes, biology, and clinical outcomes. |journal=Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network |date=May 2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=719β26 |doi=10.6004/jnccn.2014.0073 |pmid=24812138}}</ref>
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