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Triune brain
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== Lay interest == The triune model of the mammalian brain is seen as an oversimplified organizing theme in the field of comparative neuroscience.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=C.U.M. |title=The Triune Brain in Antiquity: Plato, Aristotle, Erasistratus |journal=Journal of the History of the Neurosciences |date=15 January 2010 |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1β14 |doi=10.1080/09647040802601605 |pmid=20391097 |s2cid=24578071 }}</ref> It continues to hold public interest because of its simplicity.<ref name=Cesario2020 /> [[Howard Bloom]], in his 1995 book ''[[The Lucifer Principle]]'', references the concept of the triune brain in his explanations of certain aspects of human behavior. [[Arthur Koestler]] made MacLean's concept of the triune brain the centerpiece of much of his later work, notably ''[[The Ghost in the Machine]]''. English novelist [[Julian Barnes]] quotes MacLean on the triune brain in the foreword to his 1982 novel ''Before She Met Me''. Peter A. Levine uses the triune brain concept in his book ''[[Waking the Tiger]]'' to explain his [[somatic experiencing]] approach to healing trauma.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}} In the series of novels written by [[Lee Child]] featuring [[knight-errant]] figure [[Jack Reacher]], Reacher often experiences messages from what he calls his "lizard brain" that alert him to potential danger. In ''[[Disco Elysium]]'', the player character interfaces directly with his limbic system and "ancient reptilian brain" at various points throughout the game, alongside the players [[Statistic (role-playing games)|skill set]] acting as a representation of his posterior neocortex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Purslow |first=Matt |date=2021-02-09 |title=Disco Elysium: Bringing a Million Words to Life for The Final Cut |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/disco-elysium-the-final-cut-voice-acting-console-release |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=IGN |language=en}}</ref> Glynda-Lee Hoffmann, in her book ''The Secret Dowry of Eve, Women's Role in the Development of Consciousness'', references the triune theory explored by MacLean and goes one step further. Her theory about human behavior, and the problems we create with that behavior, distinguishes the [[prefrontal cortex]] as uniquely different from the rest of the neocortex. The prefrontal cortex, with its agenda of integration, is the part of the brain that can get the other parts to work together for the good of the individual. Hoffmann claims that in many humans the reptilian cortex (agenda: territory and reproduction; in humans that translates to power and sex) is out of control, and the amygdala stokes the fear that leads to more bad behavior.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hoffmann |first1=Glynda-Lee |title=The Secret Dowry of Eve: Woman's Role in the Development of Consciousness |date=2003 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-59477-561-1 }}{{page needed|date=November 2020}}{{psc|date=November 2020}}</ref>
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