Editing Votic language (section)

===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | 
! rowspan=2| [[Labial consonant|Labial]]
! colspan=2| [[Dental consonant|Dental]]
! rowspan=2| [[Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br>alveolar]]
! rowspan=2| [[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
! rowspan=2| [[Velar consonant|Velar]]
! rowspan=2| [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! {{small|plain}}
! {{small|[[palatalization (phonetics)|pal.]]}}
|-
! colspan=2| [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{IPA link|m}}
| {{IPA link|n}}
| {{IPA link|nʲ}}
|
|
| {{IPA link|ŋ}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Plosive consonant|Plosive]]
! {{small|[[voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
| {{IPA link|p}}
| {{IPA link|t}}
| {{IPA link|tʲ}}
|
|
| {{IPA link|k}}
|
|-
! {{small|[[voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
| {{IPA link|b}}
| {{IPA link|d}}
| {{IPA link|dʲ}}
|
|
| {{IPA link|ɡ}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
! {{small|[[voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
|
| {{IPA link|ts}}
| ({{IPA link|tsʲ}})
| {{IPA link|tʃ}}
|
|
|
|-
! {{small|[[voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|
|
| 
| ({{IPA link|dʒ}})
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
! {{small|[[voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
| {{IPA link|f}}
| {{IPA link|s}}
| {{IPA link|sʲ}}
| {{IPA link|ʃ}}
|
| ({{IPA link|x}})
| {{IPA link|h}}
|-
! {{small|[[voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
| {{IPA link|v}}
| {{IPA link|z}}
| {{IPA link|zʲ}}
| {{IPA link|ʒ}}
| {{IPA link|ʝ}}
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Trill consonant|Trill]]
|
| {{IPA link|r}}
| {{IPA link|rʲ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Lateral consonant|Lateral]] [[approximant consonant|approximant]]
|
| {{IPA link|l}}
| {{IPA link|lʲ}}
|
|({{IPA link|ʎ}})
|
|
|}

Notes:
* {{IPA|/dʒ/}} occurs only in eastern Votic, as a weak-grade counterpart to {{IPA|/tʃ/}}.
* Palatalised consonants are rare and normally allophonic, occurring automatically before {{IPA|/i/}} or before a consonant that in turn is followed by {{IPA|/i/}}. Phonemic palatalised consonants occur mostly as the result of a former following {{IPA|/j/}}, usually as geminates. In other environments they are almost entirely found in loanwords, primarily from Russian. In some words in certain dialects, a palatalised consonant may become phonemic by the loss of the following vowel, such as ''esimein'' > ''eśmein''.
* {{IPA|/tʲ/}} is affricated to {{IPA|[tsʲ]}} in Kukkuzi Votic.
*{{IPA|/ʎ/}} only occurs in complementary distribution with {{IPA|/l/}}.
*{{IPA|/x/}} mainly as a result of loanwords from Russian, Ingrian, and Finnish dialects, or as an allophone of {{IPA|/h/}}.

Nearly all Votic consonants may occur as geminates. Also, Votic also has a system of consonant gradation, which is discussed in further detail in the [[consonant gradation]] article, although a large amount of alternations involve voicing alternations. Two important differences in Votic phonetics as compared to Estonian and Finnish is that the sounds {{IPA|{{IPA|/ʝ/}}}} and {{IPA|/v/}} are actually fully fricatives, unlike Estonian and Finnish, in which they are approximants. Also, one possible [[allophone]] of {{IPA|/h/}} is {{IPA|[ɸ]}}, ''ühsi'' is thus pronounced as IPA: {{IPA|[yɸsi]}}.

The lateral {{IPA|/l/}} has a [[velarization|velarized]] allophone {{IPA|[ɫ]}} when occurring adjacent to [[back vowel]]s.

Voicing is not contrastive word-finally. Instead a type of [[sandhi]] occurs: voiceless {{IPA|[p t k s]}} are realized before words beginning with a voiceless consonant, voiced {{IPA|[b d ɡ z]}} before voiced consonants (or vowels). Before a pause, the realization is voiceless lenis, {{IPA|[b̥ d̥ ɡ̊ z̥]}}; the stops are here similar to the Estonian ''b d g''. Thus:
* pre-pausal: {{IPA|[vɑrɡɑz̥]}} "thief"
* before a voiceless consonant: {{IPA|[vɑrɡɑs‿t̪uɤb̥]}} "a thief comes"
* before a voiced consonant: {{IPA|[vɑrɡɑz‿vɤt̪ɑb̥]}} "a thief takes"