Editing Water intoxication (section)

===Iatrogenic===
When an unconscious person is being fed intravenously (for example, [[total parenteral nutrition]]) or via a [[nasogastric tube]], the fluids given must be carefully balanced in composition to match fluids and electrolytes lost. These fluids are typically [[Tonicity#Hypertonic solution|hypertonic]], and so water is often co-administered. If the electrolytes are not monitored (even in an ambulatory patient), either [[hypernatremia]] or [[hyponatremia]] may result.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Schwaderer AL, Schwartz GJ |title=Treating hypernatremic dehydration |journal=Pediatrics in Review |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=148–50 |date=April 2005  |pmid=15805238 |doi=10.1542/pir.26-4-148}}</ref>

Some neurological/psychiatric medications ([[oxcarbazepine]], among others) have been found to cause hyponatremia in some patients.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.modern-psychiatry.com/oxcarbazepine.htm|title=Oxcarbazepine|access-date=31 August 2015|archive-date=23 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023080120/http://www.modern-psychiatry.com/oxcarbazepine.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Patients with [[diabetes insipidus]] are particularly vulnerable due to rapid fluid processing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.diabetesinsipidus.org/whatisdi.htm|title=What Is Diabetes Insipidus?|access-date=2011-12-02|archive-date=2010-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729052008/http://www.diabetesinsipidus.org/whatisdi.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>