Editing World Community Grid (section)

==Scientific results==
Since its launch, more than thirty projects have run in the World Community Grid. Some of the results include:

* In February 2014, the '''[[Help Fight Childhood Cancer]]''' project scientists announced the discovery of 7 compounds that destroy [[neuroblastoma]] cancer cells without any apparent side effects.<ref>{{cite web | title = Breakthrough in the fight against childhood cancer | date = 20 February 2014 | url = http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=342 | work = worldcommunitygrid.org | access-date = 18 January 2015 | archive-date = 21 December 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141221132757/http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=342 | url-status = live }}</ref> This discovery, made with the support of the WCG volunteers, is a positive step towards a new treatment. The project has announced that it is seeking a collaboration with a pharmaceutical company in order to develop the compounds into treatments. Given the success of the project, the scientists have stated that they are already planning a follow-up project which will focus on other [[pediatric cancer]]s, possibly in collaboration with a newly formed Pan-Asian oncology group, of which they are a founding member.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=365|title=Advancing and expanding Help Fight Childhood Cancer research|date=2 July 2014|vauthors=Nakagawara A|work=worldcommunitygrid.org|access-date=24 October 2014|archive-date=24 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024232845/http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=365|url-status=live}}</ref> 
*As of July 2012, the '''[[Human Proteome Folding Project]]''' has published several papers using data from WCG.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Grid|first=World Community|date=2021-05-01|title=World Community Grid - HPF Research Papers|url=https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/displayNews.do?filterCategory=3_10&filterTags=14&sortBy=&pageNum=1|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-01|website=World Community Grid|archive-date=2021-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501114256/https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/displayNews.do?filterCategory=3_10&filterTags=14&sortBy=&pageNum=1}}</ref> These include a paper on validation methods and a new database of protein structure and function predictions;<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Drew|first1=Kevin|last2=Winters|first2=Patrick|last3=Butterfoss|first3=Glenn L.|last4=Berstis|first4=Viktors|last5=Uplinger|first5=Keith|last6=Armstrong|first6=Jonathan|last7=Riffle|first7=Michael|last8=Schweighofer|first8=Erik|last9=Bovermann|first9=Bill|last10=Goodlett|first10=David R.|last11=Davis|first11=Trisha N.|date=2011-11-01|title=The Proteome Folding Project: Proteome-scale prediction of structure and function|journal=Genome Research|language=en|volume=21|issue=11|pages=1981–1994| pmc=3205581|doi=10.1101/gr.121475.111|issn=1088-9051|pmid=21824995|doi-access=free}}</ref> a paper on the identification of proteins that regulate human processes;<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Baltz|first1=Alexander G.|last2=Munschauer|first2=Mathias|last3=Schwanhäusser|first3=Björn|last4=Vasile|first4=Alexandra|last5=Murakawa|first5=Yasuhiro|last6=Schueler|first6=Markus|last7=Youngs|first7=Noah|last8=Penfold-Brown|first8=Duncan|last9=Drew|first9=Kevin|last10=Milek|first10=Miha|last11=Wyler|first11=Emanuel|date=2012-06-08|title=The mRNA-Bound Proteome and Its Global Occupancy Profile on Protein-Coding Transcripts|journal=Molecular Cell|language=English|volume=46|issue=5|pages=674–690|doi=10.1016/j.molcel.2012.05.021|issn=1097-2765|pmid=22681889|doi-access=free}}</ref> a paper on the analysis of the genomes from five plant families and their proteomes, for which WCG was used in the creation of over 29,000 protein structures;<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pentony|first1=M. M.|last2=Winters|first2=P.|last3=Penfold-Brown|first3=D.|last4=Drew|first4=K.|last5=Narechania|first5=A.|last6=DeSalle|first6=R.|last7=Bonneau|first7=R.|last8=Purugganan|first8=M. D.|date=2012|title=The Plant Proteome Folding Project: Structure and Positive Selection in Plant Protein Families|url= |journal=Genome Biology and Evolution|volume=4|issue=3|pages=360–371|doi=10.1093/gbe/evs015|issn=1759-6653|pmc=3318447|pmid=22345424}}</ref> a paper on the proteome of ''[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Malmström|first1=Lars|last2=Riffle|first2=Michael|last3=Strauss|first3=Charlie E. M.|last4=Chivian|first4=Dylan|last5=Davis|first5=Trisha N.|last6=Bonneau|first6=Richard|last7=Baker|first7=David|date=2007-03-20|title=Superfamily Assignments for the Yeast Proteome through Integration of Structure Prediction with the Gene Ontology|journal=PLOS Biology|language=en|volume=5|issue=4|pages=e76|doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0050076|issn=1545-7885|pmc=1828141|pmid=17373854 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
*The '''GO Fight Against Malaria''' project reported the discovery of several molecules that are effective against [[Malaria]] and Drug-Resistant [[Tuberculosis]] (including TDR-TB, for which there is no treatment available). The project also tested for new molecules against [[MRSA]], [[Filariasis]] and [[Bubonic Plague]]. Laboratory testing continues in order to turn those molecules into possible treatments. GFAM was also the first project ever to perform a billion different docking calculations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=373|title=GO Fight Against Malaria update: promising early findings for malaria & drug-resistant tuberculosis|date=14 July 2014|vauthors=Perryman AL|work=worldcommunitygrid.org|access-date=24 October 2014|archive-date=24 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024232650/http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=373|url-status=live}}</ref> A paper was published in January 2015,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=433|title=Post grid calculations continue to yield progress and inspire new methods against deadly diseases|website=www.worldcommunitygrid.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-04|archive-date=2019-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130060327/https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=433|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Perryman AL, Yu W, Wang X, Ekins S, Forli S, Li SG, Freundlich JS, Tonge PJ, Olson AJ | display-authors = 6 | title = A virtual screen discovers novel, fragment-sized inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis InhA | journal = Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 645–59 | date = March 2015 | pmid = 25636146 | pmc = 4386068 | doi = 10.1021/ci500672v }}</ref> with two more pending submission. In June 2015, the project reported that of the two "hits" discovered against a drug-resistant tuberculosis strain, several "analogs" have been synthesized, the best one of which inhibits the growth of ''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]'' and is relatively non-toxic to mammalian cells.<ref name=":0" /> Lack of funding prevented further research into the data.
*The '''[[Discovering Dengue Drugs - Together]]''' project scientists reported the discovery of several new Dengue protease inhibitors, most of which also inhibit the [[West Nile virus]] protease. A handful of these have already entered "crucial pre-clinical pharmacokinetic and efficacy studies". In November 2014, an update reported that the scientists have a drug lead that disables a key enzyme that allows the Dengue virus to replicate. It has also shown the same behaviour in other flaviviruses, such as the West Nile virus. No negative side effects such as toxicity, carcinogenicity or mutagenicity have been observed, making this drug lead a very strong antiviral drug candidate for these viruses. The scientists are now working to synthesize variants of the molecule to improve its activity and enter planned pre-clinical and clinical trials.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=397|title = Decade of Discovery: A new drug lead to combat dengue fever|access-date = 2014-11-12|archive-date = 2014-11-12|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141112184053/https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=397|url-status = live}}</ref> However, in an October 2018 update, the research team reported that none of their current designs had produced a highly potent dengue protease inhibitor that could be tested ''in vivo''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Discovering Dengue Drugs - Together Takes a New Approach to Data Analysis|url=https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=541|access-date=2021-05-01|website=www.worldcommunitygrid.org|archive-date=2021-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716000430/https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=541|url-status=live}}</ref>
*In June 2013, the '''[[Clean Energy Project]]''' published a database of over 2.3 million organic molecules which have had their properties characterized. Of these, 35,000 molecules have shown the potential to double the efficiency over organic solar cells currently being produced. Before this initiative, scientists knew of just a handful of carbon-based materials that were able to convert sunlight into electricity efficiently.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=387|title=Decade of discovery: doubling carbon-based solar cell efficiency|work=worldcommunitygrid.org|access-date=2014-10-24|archive-date=2014-10-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024232651/https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=387|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=307 |publisher=worldcommunitygrid.org |title=Harvard publishes World Community Grid data, rating millions of compounds for use in solar cells |date=24 June 2013 |access-date=24 October 2014 |archive-date=10 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010034816/https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=307 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*In February 2010, the '''[[FightAIDS@Home]]''' project scientists announced that they have found two compounds which make a potentially new class of AIDS-fighting drugs possible. The compounds attach to the virus at newly discovered binding sites, and thus can be used to "enhance existing therapies, treat drug-resistant strains of the disease, and slow the evolution of drug resistance in the virus."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scripps.edu/newsandviews/e_20100208/hiv.html|title=TSRI - News & Views, Scientists Find Two Compounds that Lay the Foundation for a New Class of AIDS Drug|work=scripps.edu|access-date=2014-10-25|archive-date=2014-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812024154/http://www.scripps.edu/newsandviews/e_20100208/hiv.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=122|title=Two Compounds Discovered that Pave the Way for New Class of AIDS Drug|date=2 March 2010|work=worldcommunitygrid.org|access-date=25 October 2014|archive-date=25 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025144912/https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=122|url-status=live}}</ref>
*In July 2015, the '''Drug Search for Leishmaniasis''' project announced it had tested the top 10 compounds with highest predicted efficiency out of over 100 identified via WCG workunits. Of those 10, 4 showed "positive results" in ''in vitro'' testing, with one showing "an exceptionally promising result".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=435|title=Exceptional early results in the fight against Leishmaniasis|website=www.worldcommunitygrid.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-04|archive-date=2019-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130054933/https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=435|url-status=live}}</ref> In August 2017, ''in vivo'' testing of the 4 compounds on hamsters showed favourable results, with one compound inducing "an almost complete curing of the lesions in two out of five hamsters."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=534|title=Potential New Treatments for Leishmaniasis Tested in Lab|website=www.worldcommunitygrid.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-04|archive-date=2019-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130043435/https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=534|url-status=live}}</ref> However, in a March 2018 update, the research team announced none of the 10 tested compounds had sufficient anti-leishmaniasis activity.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Drug Search for Leishmaniasis Project Continues Quest for Better Treatments|url=https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=556|access-date=2021-05-01|website=www.worldcommunitygrid.org|archive-date=2021-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501114258/https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=556|url-status=live}}</ref>
*In July 2015, the '''Computing for Clean Water''' project announced that a paper had been published in the [[Nature Nanotechnology]] journal describing a new type of water filter efficiently utilising nanotubes. "[The] nanotubes are made of single-atom-thick sheets of carbon atoms, called [[graphene]], rolled up into tiny tubes, with diameters of just a few nanometers - one ten-thousandth the diameter of a human hair. The size of the tubes allows water molecules to pass through, but blocks larger pathogens and contaminants, purifying the water." By running simulations on WCG, the scientists discovered that certain kinds of natural vibrations called [[phonon]]s, under specific conditions, can lead to more than 300% increased flow of water through the nanotubes, compared to previous theoretical predictions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=436|title=Enhancing the potential for nanotechnology to improve access to clean water for millions|website=secure.worldcommunitygrid.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-04|archive-date=2016-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203080307/https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=436|url-status=live}}</ref>
*In April 2015, the '''Say No To Schistosoma project''' scientists reported that subsequent analysis had been performed, and the three most promising candidate substances had been identified for ''in vitro'' testing.<ref name="secure.worldcommunitygrid.org">{{citation |url=https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=427 |title=Turning virtual results into real-world treatments for schistosoma |access-date=14 July 2015 |archive-date=14 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714205758/https://secure.worldcommunitygrid.org/about_us/viewNewsArticle.do?articleId=427 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*In March 2019, '''[[FightAIDS@Home]]''' researchers published a paper describing a "Novel Intersubunit Interaction Critical for HIV-1 Core Assembly" that "defines a Potentially Targetable Inhibitor Binding Pocket". Using World Community Grid, more than 1.6 million compounds were used to target 20 conformations of this pocket. Preliminary results suggest it to be a plausible binding site for antiviral compounds. Further analysis of these compounds are the subject of an independent study.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Craveur P, Gres AT, Kirby KA, Liu D, Hammond JA, Deng Y, Forli S, Goodsell DS, Williamson JR, Sarafianos SG, Olson AJ | display-authors = 6 | title = Novel Intersubunit Interaction Critical for HIV-1 Core Assembly Defines a Potentially Targetable Inhibitor Binding Pocket | journal = mBio | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | date = March 2019 | pmid = 30862755 | doi = 10.1128/mBio.02858-18| pmc=6414707  }}</ref>