Editing 10 Downing Street (section)

=== Revival and recognition: 1902–1960 ===
When Lord Salisbury retired in 1902, his nephew, [[Arthur James Balfour]], became prime minister. It was an easy transition: he was already First Lord of the Treasury and he was already living in Number 10. Balfour revived the custom that Number 10 is the First Lord and Prime Minister's official residence.<ref name="multiref4"/>

[[File:Churchill V sign HU 55521.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Winston Churchill]] emerging from Number 10 in 1943|alt=]]
Without a bomb shelter, during [[World War II]] the Prime Minister abandoned Number 10 instead using a flat in the Foreign office that became known as the No.10 Annexe, and lay above the much more comprehensive underground bunker used by [[Winston Churchill]] and now known as the [[Churchill War Rooms]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iwm.org.uk/sites/default/files/cwr_factsheet_centenary.pdf|title=Churchill War Rooms Factsheet|publisher=Imperial War Museum|access-date=3 July 2023|archive-date=3 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703173237/https://www.iwm.org.uk/sites/default/files/cwr_factsheet_centenary.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> To reassure the people that his government was functioning normally, he insisted on being seen entering and leaving Number 10 occasionally, and indeed, continued to use it for meetings and dinners despite being urged not to.{{sfn|Minney|1963|p=409}} [[Harold Wilson]], during his second ministry from 1974 to 1976, lived in his home in [[Lord North Street]] because [[Mary Wilson, Baroness Wilson of Rievaulx|Mary Wilson]] wanted "a proper home".{{sfn|Jones|1985|p=156}}

[[File:Air Raid Damage in London during the Second World War H36089.jpg|thumb|left|The damaged drawing room of 10 Downing Street following a bomb raid in February 1944.]]
Despite these exceptions, Number 10 has been known as the prime minister's official home for over one hundred years. By the turn of the 20th century, photography and the penny press had linked Number 10 in the public mind with the premiership. The introduction of films and television would strengthen this association. Pictures of prime ministers with distinguished guests at the door became commonplace. With or without the prime minister present, visitors had their picture taken. Suffragettes posed in front of the door when they petitioned [[H. H. Asquith]] for women's rights in 1913, a picture that became famous and was circulated around the world. In 1931, [[Mahatma Gandhi]], wearing a traditional homespun ''[[dhoti]]'', posed leaving Number 10 after meeting with [[Ramsay MacDonald]] to discuss India's independence.{{sfn|Minney|1963|p=393}} This picture, too, became famous, especially in India. The freedom fighters could see their leader had been received in the prime minister's home. Couse's elegant, understated door—stark black, framed in cream white with a bold white "10" clearly visible—was the perfect backdrop to record such events. Prime Ministers made historic announcements from the front step. Waving the [[Munich Agreement|Anglo-German Agreement of Friendship]], [[Neville Chamberlain]] proclaimed "Peace with honour" in 1938 from Number 10 after his meeting with [[Adolf Hitler]] in Munich.{{sfn|Minney|1963|p=402}} During World War II, Churchill was photographed many times emerging confidently from Number 10 holding up two fingers in the [[V sign|sign for "Victory"]]. The building itself, however, did not escape the [[The Blitz|London Blitz]] entirely unscathed; in February 1944 a bomb fell on nearby [[Horse Guards Parade]] and some of the drawing-room windows were destroyed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205215712|title=Air Raid Damage in London|publisher=Imperial War Museum|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215220644/https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205215712|url-status=live}}</ref>

The symbol of British government, Number 10 became a gathering place for protesters. [[Emmeline Pankhurst]] and other [[suffragette]] leaders stormed Downing Street in 1908;{{sfn|Minney|1963|pp=333–334}} anti-[[Vietnam War]] protestors marched there in the 1960s, as did anti-[[Iraq War]] protestors in 2005.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/sep/24/iraq.politics|title=Thousands protest against Iraq war|date=24 September 2005|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=15 February 2023|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215220644/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/sep/24/iraq.politics|url-status=live}}</ref>