Editing 1999 Seattle WTO protests (section)

==Aftermath==
To many in North American anarchist and radical circles, the Seattle WTO riots, protests, and demonstrations were viewed as a success.<ref>[http://www.indypendent.org/2011/12/05/seattle-wto-shutdown-99-to-occupy/ ''Seattle WTO Shutdown ’99 to Occupy: Organizing to Win 12 Years Later''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120810073644/http://www.indypendent.org/2011/12/05/seattle-wto-shutdown-99-to-occupy/ |date=August 10, 2012 }}, DAVID SOLNIT, ''The Indypendant'', Jul 26 – September 4, 2012.</ref>  Prior to the "Battle of Seattle", almost no mention was made of "antiglobalization" in the US media, while the protests were seen as having forced the media to report on 'why' anybody would oppose the WTO.<ref>Owens, Lynn, and Palmer, L. Kendall: ''Making the News: Anarchist Counter Public Relations on the World Wide Web'', p. 9.<br />They state that "[t]he protests in Seattle brought attention not only to the WTO and its policies, but also to the widespread organized opposition to those policies."</ref>

Previous mass demonstrations had taken place in Australia in December 1997, in which newly formed grass-roots organizations blockaded Melbourne, [[Perth]], Sydney, and [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]] city centers.<ref>''Seattle Explosion: 2 Years Too Late'', Rhoderick Gates, ''Our Time'', November 30, 1999.</ref>

Controversy over the city's response to the protests resulted in the resignation of the police chief of Seattle, [[Norm Stamper]],<ref>Kimberly A.C. Wilson, [http://www.seattlepi.com/local/cops071.shtml Embattled police chief resigns] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120085930/http://www.seattlepi.com/local/cops071.shtml |date=November 20, 2008 }}, ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'', December 7, 1999. Accessed online May 19, 2008.</ref> and arguably played a role in Schell's loss to [[Greg Nickels]] in the 2001 mayoral primary election.<ref>[[Dan Savage]], [http://www.thestranger.com/seattle/Content?oid=2736 Paul is Dead: Norm's Resignation Ain't Gonna Save Schell's Butt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090814002608/http://www.thestranger.com/seattle/Content?oid=2736 |date=August 14, 2009 }}, ''The Stranger'', issue of December 9–15, 1999. Accessed online May 19, 2008.</ref><ref>Rick Anderson, [http://www.seattleweekly.com/2004-11-24/news/whatever-happened-to-hippie-bitch-forman.php Whatever Happened to 'Hippie Bitch' Forman?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804155821/http://www.seattleweekly.com/2004-11-24/news/whatever-happened-to-hippie-bitch-forman.php |date=August 4, 2009 }}, ''Seattle Weekly'', November 24, 2004. Accessed online May 19, 2008.</ref> The massive size of the protest added $3&nbsp;million to the city's estimated meeting budget of $6&nbsp;million, partly due to city cleanup and police overtime bills. In addition, the damage to commercial businesses from [[vandalism]] and lost sales has been estimated at $20&nbsp;million.<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/wto-protests-hit-seattle-in-the-pocketbook-1.245428 WTO protests hit Seattle in the pocketbook] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214070914/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/wto-protests-hit-seattle-in-the-pocketbook-1.245428 |date=December 14, 2019 }}, [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC News]], January 6, 2000</ref>

On January 16, 2004, the city of Seattle settled with 157 individuals arrested outside of the no-protest zone during the WTO events, agreeing to pay them a total of $250,000.<ref>[https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/20040117/wto17m/city-to-pay-protesters-250000-to-settle-wto-suit ''City to pay protesters $250,000 to settle WTO suit'']  Seattle Times, January 17, 2004</ref> On January 30, 2007, a federal jury found that the city had violated protesters' [[Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourth Amendment]] [[constitutional rights]] by arresting them without [[probable cause]] or evidence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apnews.myway.com//article/20070130/D8MVTIIG0.html|title=MyWay|website=apnews.myway.com|access-date=January 31, 2007|archive-date=February 24, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070224044322/http://apnews.myway.com/article/20070130/D8MVTIIG0.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/301732_wto30ww.html|author=Colin McDonald|title=Jury says Seattle violated WTO protesters' rights|date=January 30, 2007|publisher=Seattle Post Intelligencer|access-date=December 27, 2007|archive-date=February 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221185013/https://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Jury-says-Seattle-violated-WTO-protesters-rights-1226824.php|url-status=live}}</ref>

Inspired by these protests, a similar one occurred in [[Anti-globalization protests in Prague|Prague]] in September 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC News {{!}} EUROPE {{!}} Prague IMF summit ends early |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/944341.stm |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> Around 12,000 activists gathered to protest during the [[International Monetary Fund]] and [[World Bank]] summit on September 27, 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ČTK |date=2000-12-10 |title=Anarchisté demonstrovali proti zásahu policie při MMF |url=https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/anarchiste-demonstrovali-proti-zasahu-policie-pri-mmf.A001210_155947_praha_lin |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=iDNES.cz |language=cs}}</ref>