Editing Acala (section)

=== China ===
[[File:Acala_at_Buddha_Tooth_Relic_Temple_and_Museum.JPG|thumb|Acala (不動明王, ''Bùdòng míngwáng'') at [[Buddha Tooth Relic Temple and Museum]] ([[Chinatown, Singapore|Chinatown]], [[Singapore]]).|261x261px]]'''Bùdòng Míngwáng''' (Acala) worship in China was first introduced into China during the [[Tang dynasty]] after the translation of esoteric tantras associated with him by monks such as Amoghavajra and Vajrabodhi.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/731667667|title=Esoteric Buddhism and the tantras in East Asia|date=2011|publisher=Brill|others=Charles D. Orzech, Henrik Hjort Sorensen, Richard Karl Payne|isbn=978-90-04-20401-0|location=Leiden|oclc=731667667}}</ref> Iconography of Acala has been depicted infrequently in some temples and grottoes from the Tang through to contemporaneous times, usually as part of a set depicting the [[Wisdom King#The Eight Wisdom Kings|Eight Wisdom Kings]] or [[Wisdom King#The Ten Wisdom Kings|Ten Wisdom Kings]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Howard|first=Angela F.|date=1999-03-01|title=The Eight Brilliant Kings of Wisdom of Southwest China|url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/RESv35n1ms20167019|journal=Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics|volume=35|pages=92–107|doi=10.1086/RESv35n1ms20167019|s2cid=164236937|issn=0277-1322|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In modern times, he is revered as one of the eight Buddhist guardians of the [[Chinese zodiac]] and specifically considered to be the protector of those born in the year of the Rooster. He is also frequently invoked during esoteric Chinese Buddhist rituals, such as the [[Shuilu Fahui]] ceremony, along with the other Wisdom Kings where they are given offerings and intreated to expel evil from the ritual platform.<ref>{{cite thesis |last1=Bloom |first1=Phillip Emmanual |title=Descent of the Deities: The Water-Land Retreat and the Transformation of the Visual Culture of Song-Dynasty (960-1279) Buddhism |date=2013 |url=http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11107804 }}</ref><ref>{{cite thesis |last1=Hong |first1=Tsai-Hsia |title=The Water-Land Dharma Function Platform Ritual and the Great Compassion Repentance Ritual |date=2005 |oclc=64281400 }}</ref>
<gallery perrow="4" caption="[[Tang dynasty]] statues of Acala, now kept at [[Forest of Steles]], [[Beilin Museum|Beilin Stone Museum]] in [[Xi'an]], [[Shaanxi|Shaanxi Province]], [[China]].">
File:Tang Acala Vidyaraja (14372153865).jpg
File:Tang Acala Vidyaraja (14185590020).jpg
File:Tang Acala Vidyaraja (9912784335).jpg
</gallery>