Editing Adposition (section)

==Different forms of complement==
As noted above, adpositions typically have [[noun phrase]]s as complements. This can include [[nominal clause]]s and certain types of [[non-finite verb]] phrase:
*We can't agree '''''on''' whether to have children or not'' (complement is a nominal clause)
*Let's think '''''about''' solving this problem'' (complement is a [[gerund]] phrase)
*'''''pour''' encourager les autres'' (French: "to encourage the others", complement is an [[infinitive]] phrase)

The word ''to'' when it precedes the [[Uses of English verb forms#Infinitive|infinitive in English]] is not a preposition, but rather is a grammatical [[particle (grammar)|particle]] outside of any main [[word class]].

In other cases, the complement may have the form of an adjective or [[adjective phrase]], or an adverbial. This may be regarded as a complement representing a different [[syntactic category]], or simply as an atypical form of noun phrase (see [[nominalization]]).
*The scene went '''''from''' blindingly bright '''to''' pitch black'' (complements are adjective phrases)
*I worked there '''''until''' recently'' (complement is an adverb)
*Come out '''''from''' under the bed'' (complement is an adverbial)
In the last example, the complement of the preposition ''from'' is in fact another prepositional phrase. The resulting sequence of two prepositions (''from under'') may be regarded as a [[#Simple and complex adpositions|complex]] preposition; in some languages, such a sequence may be represented by a single word, as Russian из-под ''iz-pod'' ("from under").

Some adpositions appear to combine with two complements:
* '''''With''' Sammy president'', we can all come out of hiding again.
* '''''For''' Sammy to become president'', they'd have to seriously modify the Constitution.
It is more commonly assumed, however, that ''Sammy'' and the following predicate forms a ''[[small clause]]'', which then becomes the single complement of the preposition.  (In the first example, a word such as ''as'' may be considered to have been [[elliptical construction|elided]], which, if present, would clarify the grammatical relationship.)