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Amazonian manatee
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==Conservation== [[File:Trichechus inunguis.jpg|thumb|Rehabilitation of an infant at [[Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources|"IBAMA"]] on [[Marajó]]]] The [[IUCN red list]] ranks the Amazonian manatee as [[Vulnerable species|vulnerable]]. Population declines are primarily a result of hunting, as well as calf mortality, climate change, and [[habitat loss]].<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" /> However, due to their murky water habitat it is difficult to gain accurate population estimates.<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" /> There are no national management plans for the Amazonian Manatee, except in Colombia.<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" /> As of 2008, the INPA takes care of 34 captive manatees and the CPPMA is caring for 31 manatees.<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" /> The manatee has been protected by Peruvian law since 1973, via Supreme Decree 934-73-AG, prohibiting hunting and commercial use of the manatee.<ref name="Reeves96" /> Hunting remains the largest problem and continues in much of its range, even within reserves.<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" /> In 1986, it was estimated that the hunting levels in Ecuador were unsustainable and it would be gone from this country within 10–15 years.<ref name="bibdigital.epn.edu.ec" /> While hunting still occurs, an increasing risk to its continued survival in Ecuador is now believed to be the risk of [[oil spill]]s.<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" /> The oil exploration also means an increase in boat traffic on the rivers.<ref name="iucn status 11 November 2021" /> The Amazonian manatees of Peru have experienced much of their decline due to hunting by human populations for meat, blubber, skin and other materials that can be collected from the manatee.<ref name="Reeves96" /> Such hunting is carried out with harpoons, gillnets, and set traps.<ref name="Reeves96" /> Much of this hunting occurs in the lakes and streams near the Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve in northeastern Peru.<ref name="Reeves96" /> The species is slow-moving, docile, and is often found feeding at the surface of the lakes and rivers it inhabits.<ref name="Edge" /> Manatees are also at risk from pollution, accidental drowning in commercial fishing nets, and the degradation of vegetation by soil erosion resulting from deforestation.<ref name="Edge" /> Additionally, the indiscriminate release of mercury in mining activities threatens the entire aquatic ecosystem of the Amazon Basin.<ref name="Edge" />
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