Editing Amphotericin B (section)

==== Liposomal ====
To improve the tolerability of amphotericin and reduce toxicity, researchers developed several lipid formulations.<ref name="Hamill_2013" /> Liposomal formulations have been found to have less renal toxicity than deoxycholate,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Botero Aguirre JP, Restrepo Hamid AM | title = Amphotericin B deoxycholate versus liposomal amphotericin B: effects on kidney function | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 11 | pages = CD010481 | date = November 2015 | volume = 2015 | pmid = 26595825 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.cd010481.pub2 | doi-access = free | pmc = 10542271 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mistro S, Maciel I, de Menezes RG, Maia ZP, Schooley RT, Badaró R | title = Does lipid emulsion reduce amphotericin B nephrotoxicity? A systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 54 | issue = 12 | pages = 1774–1777 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22491505 | doi = 10.1093/cid/cis290 | doi-access = free }}</ref> and fewer infusion-related reactions.<ref name="Hamill_2013" /> They are more expensive than amphotericin B deoxycholate.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bennett J | title = Editorial response: choosing amphotericin B formulations-between a rock and a hard place | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 1164–1165 | date = November 2000 | pmid = 11073746 | doi = 10.1086/317443 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

AmBisome (liposomal amphotericin B; LAMB) is a liposomal formulation of amphotericin B for [[Injection (medicine)|injection]] and consists of a mixture of [[phosphatidylcholine]], [[cholesterol]] and distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol that in aqueous media spontaneously arrange into [[Unilamellar liposome|unilamellar vesicles]] that contain amphotericin B.<ref name="Hamill_2013" /><ref name="Slain_1999">{{cite journal | vauthors = Slain D | title = Lipid-based amphotericin B for the treatment of fungal infections | journal = Pharmacotherapy | volume = 19 | issue = 3 | pages = 306–323 | date = March 1999 | pmid = 10221369 | doi = 10.1592/phco.19.4.306.30934 | s2cid = 43479677 }}</ref> It was developed by NeXstar Pharmaceuticals (acquired by [[Gilead Sciences]] in 1999). It was approved by the FDA in 1997.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/97/050740_ambisome_toc.cfm|title=Drug Approval Package|website=www.accessdata.fda.gov|access-date=2015-11-03|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117033232/http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/97/050740_ambisome_toc.cfm|archive-date=2015-11-17}}</ref> It is marketed by Gilead in Europe and licensed to [[Astellas Pharma]] (formerly Fujisawa Pharmaceuticals) for marketing in the US, and [[Sumitomo Chemical|Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals]] in Japan.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}