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Atkinson cycle
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==Vehicles using Atkinson-cycle engines== [[File:2018 Hyundai Ioniq SE HEV S-A 1.6 Front.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Hyundai Ioniq]] hybrid]] [[File:2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid.jpg|thumb|2010 [[Ford Fusion Hybrid]] (North America)]] While a modified Otto-cycle piston engine using the Atkinson cycle provides good [[fuel efficiency]], it is at the expense of a lower power-per-displacement as compared to a traditional four-stroke engine.<ref>Heywood, John B. ''Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals'', p. 184-186.</ref> If demand for more power is intermittent, the power of the engine can be supplemented by an [[electric motor]] during times when more power is needed. This forms the basis of an Atkinson cycle-based [[hybrid electric]] drivetrain. These electric motors can be used independently of, or in combination with, the Atkinson-cycle engine, to provide the most efficient means of producing the desired power. This drive-train first entered production in late 1997 in the [[Toyota Prius (XW10)|first-generation Toyota Prius]]. {{As of|2018|July}}, many production [[hybrid vehicle drivetrain]]s use Atkinson-cycle concepts—for example, in: *[[Chevrolet Volt]] *[[Chrysler Pacifica (minivan)|Chrysler Pacifica]] (front-wheel drive) plug-in hybrid model minivan *Fiat 500 Hybrid and Fiat Panda Hybrid *[[Ford C-Max#Hybrid and plug-in hybrid|Ford C-Max]] (front-wheel drive / US market) hybrid and plug-in hybrid models *[[Ford Escape Hybrid|Ford Escape]]/[[Mercury Mariner]]/[[Mazda Tribute]] electric (front- and four-wheel drive) with a compression ratio of 12.4:1 *[[Ford Fusion Hybrid]]/[[Mercury Milan Hybrid]]/[[Lincoln MKZ Hybrid]] electric (front-wheel drive) with a compression ratio of 12.3:1 *[[Ford Maverick (2022)|Ford Maverick]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://jalopnik.com/ford-brings-back-small-cheap-trucks-with-the-20-000-20-1847052190 |title=2022 Ford Maverick Is A $20,000 Hybrid |first=Jason |last=Torchinsky |work=Jalopnik |location=US |date=2021-06-08 |access-date=2021-06-09}}</ref> *[[Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.worldcarfans.com/113012152931/honda-accord-plug-in-hybrid-earns-the-title-for-being-the |title=Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid earns the title for being the most fuel-efficient sedan in America |work=worldcarfans.com |first=Michael |last=Gauthier |date=2013-01-21 |access-date=2013-01-22}}</ref> *[[Honda Accord Hybrid]] (front-wheel drive) *[[Honda City]] (hybrid) *[[Honda Clarity#Plug-in hybrid|Honda Clarity Plug-In Hybrid]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.honda.ca/clarity/2018/performance-capability-features|title=2018 Honda Clarity Plug-in Hybrid|website=www.honda.ca|language=en|access-date=2018-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126021408/https://www.honda.ca/clarity/2018/performance-capability-features|archive-date=2018-01-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Honda CR-V]] (hybrid 2020–present) *[[Honda Insight]] (front-wheel drive)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.honda.ca/insight/specs|title=2018 Honda Insight Hybrid|website=www.honda.ca|language=en|access-date=2018-07-14}}</ref> *[[Honda Fit]] (front-wheel drive) some of the 3rd generation engines switch between Atkinson and Otto cycles. *[[Hyundai Sonata Hybrid]] (front-wheel drive) *[[Hyundai Elantra]] Atkinson-cycle models *[[Hyundai Grandeur]] hybrid (front-wheel drive) *[[Hyundai Ioniq]] hybrid, plug-in hybrid (front-wheel drive) *[[Hyundai Palisade]] 3.8 L Lambda II V6 GDi *[[Infiniti M35h]] hybrid (rear-wheel drive) *[[Kia Forte]] 147 hp 2.0 petrol only (front-wheel drive) *[[Kia Niro]] hybrid, plug-in hybrid (front-wheel drive) *[[Kia Optima Hybrid]] [[Kia K5]] hybrid 500h (front-wheel drive) with a compression ratio of 13:1 *[[Kia Cadenza]] Hybrid [[Kia K7]] hybrid 700h (front-wheel drive) *[[Kia Telluride]] 3.8 L Lambda II V6 GDi *[[Kia Seltos]] 2.0L (front-wheel drive) *[[Lexus CT 200h]] (front-wheel drive) *[[Lexus ES 300h]] (front-wheel drive) *[[Lexus GS 450h]] hybrid electric (rear-wheel drive) with a compression ratio of 13:1 *[[Lexus RC F]] (rear-wheel drive) *[[Lexus GS F]] (rear-wheel drive) *[[Lexus HS 250h]] (front-wheel drive) *[[Lexus IS 200t]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lexus.com/models/IS/performance |title=2016 Lexus IS – Performance |publisher=Lexus |location=US |access-date=2016-08-09}}</ref> *[[Lexus NX]] hybrid electric (four-wheel drive) *[[Lexus RX 450h]] hybrid electric (four-wheel drive) *[[Lexus UX]] hybrid electric (four-wheel drive) *[[Lexus LC]] (rear-wheel drive) *[[Mazda Mazda6]] (2013 for the 2014 model year) *[[Mercedes-Benz M-Class#ML450 Hybrid|Mercedes ML450 Hybrid]] (four-wheel drive) electric *[[Mercedes-Benz S-Class#S400 BlueHYBRID|Mercedes S400 Blue Hybrid]] (rear-wheel drive) electric *[[Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV]] (2018 for the 2019 model year, plug-in hybrid four-wheel drive)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mitsubishi-motors.com/en/newsrelease/2018/detail1103.html |title=2019 Outlander PHEV |publisher=Mitsubishi |location=US |access-date=2018-02-23}}</ref> *[[Subaru Impreza#XV / Crosstrek 2|Subaru Crosstrek Hybrid]] (2018 for the 2019 model year, all-wheel drive) *[[Toyota Camry Hybrid]] electric (front-wheel drive) with a compression ratio of 12.5:1 *[[Toyota Avalon Hybrid]] (front wheel drive) *[[Toyota Highlander Hybrid#Hybrid|Toyota Highlander Hybrid]] (2011 and newer)<ref>{{cite web|last=Edmunds |first=Dan |url=http://www.edmunds.com/toyota/highlander-hybrid/2011/road-test.html |title=2011 Toyota Highlander Hybrid Road Test |publisher=Edmunds.com |date=2010-09-24 |access-date=2012-07-04}}</ref> *[[Toyota Prius]] [[hybrid electric]] (front-wheel drive) with a (purely geometric) compression ratio of 13.0:1 *[[Toyota Vitz#Hybrid|Toyota Yaris Hybrid]] (front-wheel drive) with a compression ratio of 13.4:1 *[[Toyota Auris#Auris Hybrid|Toyota Auris Hybrid]] (front-wheel drive) *[[Toyota Tacoma]] V6 (beginning in 2015 for the 2016 model year) *[[Toyota RAV4 Hybrid]] (beginning in 2015 for the 2016 model year) *[[Toyota Sienna]] (2016 for the 2017 model year, hybrid beginning for 2021 model year) *[[Toyota Venza]] (hybrid beginning for 2021 model year) *[[Toyota C-HR|Toyota C-HR Hybrid]] (2016–present) *[[Toyota Yaris Cross|Toyota Yaris Cross Hybrid]] (2021–present) *[[Toyota Innova (AG10)|Toyota Innova Hybrid]] (2022–present) {{clear}}
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